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The urinary system consists of two kidneys, two ureters, the urinary bladder, and the urethra.
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The urinary bladder is a hollow, muscular sac that temporarily stores urine before it is expelled from the body. It can hold approximately 600 mL of urine prior to micturition. The bladder is retroperitoneal and located behind the pubic symphysis in the pelvic floor.
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Urinary DNA adductomics - A novel approach for exposomics.

Marcus S Cooke1, Chiung-Wen Hu2, Yuan-Jhe Chang3

  • 1Oxidative Stress Group, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA; Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA.

Environment International
|November 6, 2018
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a novel urine-based DNA adductomics method to non-invasively assess environmental exposures across a lifetime. This approach aids in evaluating the exposome by simultaneously detecting both deoxyribonucleoside and nucleobase DNA adducts.

Keywords:
AdductomicsDNA damageDNA repairEnvironmental exposureExposomeMass spectrometry

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Health
  • Toxicology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • The exposome, encompassing all environmental exposures, is challenging to evaluate comprehensively across a lifespan.
  • Current cellular DNA adductomics requires invasive tissue sampling, posing logistical and ethical hurdles, especially for vulnerable populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a non-invasive method for assessing the totality of DNA adducts in human populations.
  • To enable comprehensive biomonitoring of environmental exposures throughout the life course.

Main Methods:

  • Applied DNA adductomics to urine samples to detect 2'-deoxyribonucleoside DNA adducts.
  • Proposed a strategy using triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry to simultaneously analyze both 2'-deoxyribonucleoside and nucleobase adducts.

Main Results:

  • Successfully detected various expected and unexpected 2'-deoxyribonucleoside DNA adducts in urine.
  • The proposed method addresses the limitation of missing nucleobase adducts generated by DNA repair pathways.

Conclusions:

  • A novel, non-invasive DNA adductomic approach using urine is presented.
  • This method facilitates biomonitoring of environmental exposures and contributes to exposome evaluation across the life course.