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Related Concept Videos

Serum Studies: Renal Function Tests01:24

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Renal function tests are crucial for assessing kidney health, monitoring disease progression, and evaluating the kidneys' efficiency in waste elimination, fluid balance, and electrolyte regulation. These tests offer critical insights into kidney function, even though routine measurements may appear normal until there is a significant decline in the glomerular filtration rate or GFR. Typically, signs of kidney impairment only become evident when the GFR falls to about 50% of its normal level.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 3, 2026

A Protocol to Characterize the Morphological Changes of Clostridium difficile in Response to Antibiotic Treatment
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Why do clinicians order inappropriate Clostridium difficile testing? An exploratory study.

Areeba Kara1, Madiha Tahir2, William Snyderman3

  • 1Indiana University Health Physicians, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN.

American Journal of Infection Control
|November 6, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Understanding the reasons for Clostridium difficile testing is crucial. Clinician perception of risk, not just symptoms like diarrhea, significantly influences testing decisions, impacting patient care and hospital stays.

Keywords:
Clostridium difficileDecision makingPerspective

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Healthcare Management
  • Clinical Decision Making

Background:

  • The rationale for ordering Clostridium difficile (C. diff) tests is not fully understood.
  • Inappropriate C. diff testing can lead to increased healthcare costs and prolonged hospital stays.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the factors influencing C. diff testing orders.
  • To identify patterns and potential improvements in C. diff testing protocols.

Main Methods:

  • A review of 128 C. difficile testing orders was conducted.
  • An algorithm was developed to assess test appropriateness based on symptoms (diarrhea, leukocytosis, fever) and laxative use.
  • Discussions were held with clinicians regarding potentially inappropriate test orders.

Main Results:

  • 62% of C. diff tests reviewed were deemed appropriate.
  • Inappropriately tested patients had longer lengths of stay.
  • Clinician perception of patient risk and undocumented diarrhea were key reasons for inappropriate testing.

Conclusions:

  • Diarrhea and laxative use have poor discriminatory value for C. diff infection.
  • Complex factors, including clinician-perceived risk and inconsistent symptom definitions, drive testing practices.
  • Interventions must address the underlying knowledge, attitudes, and values of clinicians to improve testing appropriateness.