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Area of Science:

  • Earth Science and Remote Sensing
  • Atmospheric Science
  • Climate Monitoring

Background:

  • The NOAA Deep Space Climate Observatory (DSCOVR) spacecraft, launched in 2015, orbits at the L1 Lagrange point.
  • It carries NASA's Earth Polychromatic Imaging Camera (EPIC) and the National Institute of Standards and Technology Advanced Radiometer (NISTAR) for Earth observation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To detail the capabilities of the DSCOVR/EPIC instrument for observing Earth.
  • To outline pre-processing steps for EPIC data calibration and product generation.

Main Methods:

  • EPIC captures full-disk Earth imagery using 10 narrowband filters (317-779 nm) at backscattering angles.
  • Pre-processing includes geolocation algorithms and radiometric calibration for converting counts to reflectance.
  • Analysis of specific phenomena like horizontally oriented ice crystals and volcanic SO2 plumes.

Main Results:

  • EPIC provides data on total ozone, scene reflectivity, erythemal irradiance, and UV aerosol properties.
  • Key products include SO2 for volcanic eruptions, surface spectral reflectance, vegetation properties, and cloud height.
  • Observation of horizontally oriented ice crystals and novel use of O2 B-band absorption for vegetation analysis.

Conclusions:

  • The DSCOVR/EPIC instrument offers comprehensive Earth observation capabilities from the L1 point.
  • Data processing enables the retrieval of crucial atmospheric, surface, and cloud parameters.
  • EPIC's unique observations contribute to climate science and disaster monitoring.