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Related Concept Videos

Ions and Ionic Charges03:27

Ions and Ionic Charges

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In ordinary chemical reactions, the nucleus — which contains the protons and neutrons of each atom and thus identifies the element — remains unchanged. Electrons, however, can be added to atoms by transfer from other atoms, lost by transfer to other atoms, or shared with other atoms. The transfer and sharing of electrons among atoms govern the chemistry of the elements. During the formation of some compounds, atoms gain or lose electrons to form electrically charged particles called...
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A charged particle experiences a force when moving through a magnetic field. Consider the field to be uniform and the charged particle to move perpendicular to it. If the field is in a vacuum, the magnetic field is the dominant factor determining the motion. Since the magnetic force is perpendicular to the direction of motion, a charged particle follows a curved path. The particle continues to follow this curved path until it forms a complete circle. Another way to look at this is that the...
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Nucleosomes are the DNA-histone complex, where the DNA strand is wound around the histone core. The histone core is an octamer containing two copies of H2A, H2B, H3, and H4 histone proteins.
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Developing Predictive or Prognostic Biomarkers for Charged Particle Radiotherapy.

Michael D Story1, Jing Wang1

  • 1Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.

International Journal of Particle Therapy
|November 6, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Biomarkers for radiosensitivity and hypoxia can personalize cancer radiotherapy. Identifying these biomarkers will optimize charged particle therapy, enhancing treatment effectiveness and minimizing side effects for patients.

Keywords:
biomarkerscharged particleshypoxiaradioresistanceradiotherapy

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Radiation Oncology
  • Biomarker Discovery

Background:

  • Radiotherapy response varies significantly due to individual tumor and healthy tissue biology.
  • Current precision radiotherapy does not fully utilize patient-specific biological data.
  • Charged particle radiotherapy offers improved dose conformity but its biological benefits are underexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the development and application of biomarkers for personalized radiotherapy.
  • To identify patients who would benefit most from charged particle therapy.
  • To leverage biomarkers for selecting appropriate radiation types and treatment strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Investigating biomarkers for intrinsic radiosensitivity and tumor hypoxia.
  • Evaluating biomarkers for low-linear energy transfer (LET) radiation responses against charged particles.
  • Utilizing biomarkers to identify hypoxic tumors and guide ion selection in charged particle therapy.
  • Assessing validated healthy-tissue biomarkers for charged particle exposures.

Main Results:

  • Biomarkers can differentiate patient responses to radiotherapy, moving towards personalized medicine.
  • Charged particles, particularly heavy ions, can overcome radioresistance in hypoxic tumors.
  • Biomarkers can identify patients for whom charged particles offer superior relative biological effectiveness (RBE).
  • Healthy tissue biomarkers are available for assessing risks associated with charged particle therapy.

Conclusions:

  • Biomarker development is crucial for advancing radiation oncology towards personalized medicine.
  • Biomarkers will enable biologically guided clinical trials and optimize charged particle therapy selection.
  • Integrating biomarkers with advanced biological and computational methods will refine treatment strategies and improve patient outcomes.