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Related Concept Videos

Mismatch Repair01:36

Mismatch Repair

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Mismatch Repair01:20

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Organisms are capable of detecting and fixing nucleotide mismatches that occur during DNA replication. This sophisticated process requires identifying the new strand and replacing the erroneous bases with correct nucleotides. Mismatch repair is coordinated by many proteins in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
The Mutator Protein Family Plays a Key Role in DNA Mismatch Repair
The human genome has more than 3 billion base pairs of DNA per cell. Prior to cell division, that vast amount of genetic...
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Overview of DNA Repair02:25

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In order to be passed through generations, genomic DNA must be undamaged and error-free. However, every day, DNA in a cell undergoes several thousand to a million damaging events by natural causes and external factors. Ionizing radiation such as UV rays, free radicals produced during cellular respiration, and hydrolytic damage from metabolic reactions can alter the structure of DNA. Damages caused include single-base alteration, base dimerization, chain breaks, and cross-linkage.
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Base Excision Repair01:54

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One of the common DNA damages is the chemical alteration of single bases by alkylation, oxidation, or deamination. The altered bases cause mispairing and strand breakage during replication. This type of damage causes minimal change to the DNA double helix structure and can be repaired by the base excision repair (BER) pathways. BER corrects damaged DNA sequences by removing the damaged base and restoring the original base sequence using the complementary strand as a template.
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Sports Medicine and Arthroscopy Review: Editorial.

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Destabilization of the Medial Meniscus and Cartilage Scratch Murine Model of Accelerated Osteoarthritis
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Meniscus Repair and Replacement.

Peter R Kurzweil1, W Dilworth Cannon2, Kenneth E DeHaven3

  • 1Memorial Orthopaedic Surgical Group, Long Beach.

Sports Medicine and Arthroscopy Review
|November 6, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Preserving meniscus function is crucial, with advanced arthroscopic repair techniques evolving for previously irreparable tears. Newer methods also address post-surgery pain and restore function using grafts or scaffolds.

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic surgery
  • Biomaterials science
  • Knee joint biomechanics

Background:

  • The meniscus plays a vital role in knee function and joint health.
  • Degenerative changes and injuries often compromise meniscus integrity.
  • Previous repair techniques had limitations in addressing complex tear patterns.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the evolution of arthroscopic meniscus repair techniques.
  • To highlight advancements in treating previously irreparable meniscus tears.
  • To discuss strategies for managing postmeniscectomy pain and restoring meniscus function.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current arthroscopic meniscus repair techniques (inside-out, outside-in, all-inside).
  • Analysis of novel approaches for meniscus root and horizontal cleavage tears.
  • Evaluation of tissue scaffolds and allografts for meniscus replacement.

Main Results:

  • Significant improvements in arthroscopic repair techniques have been achieved.
  • Promising results are reported for repairing complex meniscus tears.
  • Newer methods offer solutions for postmeniscectomy knee pain and function restoration.

Conclusions:

  • Arthroscopic meniscus repair has advanced significantly, improving outcomes for various tear types.
  • Innovative techniques and regenerative strategies are restoring meniscus function and mitigating degenerative changes.
  • Preserving meniscus function remains a key goal in knee surgery.