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Polymers02:34

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The word polymer is derived from the Greek words “poly” which means “many” and “mer” which means “parts”. Polymers are long chains of molecules composed of repeating units of smaller molecules, known as monomers. They either occur naturally, such as DNA and proteins, or can be constructed synthetically, like plastics. They have varied structural characteristics, such as linear chains, branched chains, or complex networks, that contribute to the...
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The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
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Polymers are classified as linear or branched on the basis of their chain architecture. The polymer chains in linear polymers have a long chain-like structure with minimal to no branching at all. Even if a polymer features large substituent groups on the monomer, which appear as branches to the skeleton, it is not considered a branched polymer. A branched polymer contains secondary polymer chains that arise from the main polymer chain. The branching occurs when the polymer growth shifts from...
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Morphology Control for Fully Printable Organic&#8211;Inorganic Bulk-heterojunction Solar Cells Based on a Ti-alkoxide and Semiconducting Polymer
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All-Polymer Solar Cells: Recent Progress, Challenges, and Prospects.

Gang Wang1, Ferdinand S Melkonyan1, Antonio Facchetti1,2

  • 1Department of Chemistry, the Materials Research Center, the Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research Center, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA.

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PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

All-polymer solar cells (APSCs) offer enhanced light absorption, stability, and manufacturing potential, surpassing traditional fullerene-based systems. This review explores APSC opportunities and challenges for commercialization.

Keywords:
all-polymer solar cellsbulk heterojunctionmorphology engineeringorganic photovoltaicsstability

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Organic Electronics
  • Photovoltaics

Background:

  • Bulk-heterojunction polymer solar cell (BHJ-PSC) research historically focused on polymer donors and fullerene acceptors.
  • Recent advancements show non-fullerene PSCs achieving over 15% power conversion efficiency, exceeding fullerene-based devices.
  • All-polymer solar cells (APSCs), utilizing polymer donor-polymer acceptor blends, are emerging as a promising area.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the opportunities presented by all-polymer solar cells (APSCs).
  • To discuss suitable polymer families for APSCs and performance optimization strategies.
  • To address the challenges hindering the commercial application of APSCs.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent literature on non-fullerene and all-polymer solar cells.
  • Analysis of key properties of polymer donor-polymer acceptor blends.
  • Discussion of device fabrication and stability considerations.

Main Results:

  • APSCs offer tunable light absorption and robust film morphology.
  • Advantages include compatibility with large-scale manufacturing and enhanced long-term stability.
  • Non-fullerene PSCs, including APSCs, demonstrate superior performance over fullerene-based counterparts.

Conclusions:

  • APSCs represent a significant advancement in polymer solar cell technology.
  • Further optimization of polymer materials and device architectures is crucial for commercial viability.
  • Addressing current challenges will pave the way for widespread adoption of APSCs.