A programme of multiple-antigen childhood immunization in Yaoundé, Cameroon: first-year evaluation, 1975-1976

The Yaoundé multiple-antigen childhood immunization programme began in November 1975, making it one of the first expanded programmes on immunization operational in Africa. During the first 9 months, more than 22 000 children were immunized against poliomyelitis, measles, tuberculosis, smallpox, whooping cough, tetanus, and diphtheria. Evaluation of the programme showed the following rates of immunization coverage in the target population; 30% for DPT (one dose or more), 27% for poliomyelitis (one dose or more), 27% for BCG, 33% for measles, and 20% for smallpox. Eighty per cent of children received the correct vaccines for their age and vaccination status. Seroconversion to measles vaccine was 89% in those over 12 months of age but only 50% in those between 6 and 11 months of age. The major factor in low immunization coverage was felt to be inadequate publicity. The cost of the programme was estimated to be US $10 920. The cost of immunizing a child completely was estimated at US $1.90. Some logistic problems encountered during this initial year of operation are discussed.