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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 3, 2026

Customizing a Cryolite Glass Prosthetic Eye
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Comfort level discussion for prosthetic sockets with different fabricating processing conditions.

Cheung-Hwa Hsu1, Chao-Hui Ou2, Wei-Lun Hong2

  • 1Department of Mold and Die Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC. chhsu@nkust.edu.tw.

Biomedical Engineering Online
|November 7, 2018
PubMed
Summary

New prosthetic socket fabrication using reverse engineering (RE) and rapid prototyping (RP) shows high stress at the tibia end, causing discomfort. Further research is needed for improved prosthetic socket design and patient comfort.

Keywords:
Gait analysisInterface pressuresProsthetic socketRapid prototyping

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Prosthetics and Orthotics

Background:

  • Traditional prosthetic socket fabrication is time-consuming and requires specialized assembly.
  • Reverse engineering (RE) and rapid prototyping (RP) offer advanced alternatives for prosthetic socket fabrication.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of RE and RP in prosthetic socket fabrication.
  • To analyze gait parameters, interface stress, and user satisfaction with RE and RP fabricated sockets.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized 3D computer-aided design/computer-aided engineering (CAD/CAE) tools for stump data digitization and modification.
  • Investigated gait parameters and stump-socket interface stress under various processing conditions.
  • Employed questionnaires to assess user satisfaction and comfort levels.

Main Results:

  • Identified high stress concentration at the tibia end pressure-relief area, irrespective of fabrication method.
  • Observed significant discomfort in the tibia end area for participants using RE and RP fabricated sockets.
  • Gait parameters, stress interface data, and satisfaction ratings provide valuable insights for future prosthetic socket development.

Conclusions:

  • Prosthetic socket fabrication using RE and RP leads to concentrated stress at the tibia end, causing discomfort.
  • The discomfort is most pronounced with sockets fabricated using RE and RP.
  • Findings highlight areas for improvement in prosthetic socket design to enhance patient comfort and clinical application.