Mild cognitive impairment in primary care: a clinical review

Area of Science:

• Neurology
• Geriatrics
• Primary Care Medicine

Background:

• Dementia prevalence is rising globally, yet early preclinical stages like mild cognitive impairment (MCI) are often undiagnosed.
• MCI represents a transitional phase between normal cognition and Alzheimer's disease (AD).
• Primary care physicians are pivotal in early MCI detection and management.

Observation:

• This review utilizes a case-based approach to illustrate MCI in a primary care setting.
• It examines the assessment, recognition, and management of MCI.
• Associated risk factors and neuropsychiatric symptoms are also addressed.

Findings:

• An evidence-based framework for MCI assessment and management is presented.
• The review highlights the importance of identifying patients at high risk for AD progression.
• Interventions aimed at reversing or halting cognitive impairment are discussed.

Implications:

• Early identification and intervention in primary care can significantly impact MCI progression.
• Effective management may delay or prevent the onset of Alzheimer's disease.
• This framework supports primary care physicians in addressing cognitive health proactively.