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Related Concept Videos

Chirality02:25

Chirality

29.5K
Chirality is a term that describes the lack of mirror symmetry in an object. In other words, chiral objects cannot be superposed on their mirror images. For example, our feet are chiral, as the mirror image of the left foot, the right foot, cannot be superposed on the left foot.
Chiral objects exhibit a sense of handedness when they interact with another chiral object. For example, our left foot can only fit in the left shoe and not in the right shoe. Achiral objects — objects that have...
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Chirality in Nature02:30

Chirality in Nature

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Chirality is the most intriguing yet essential facet of nature, governing life’s biochemical processes and precision. It can be observed from a snail shell pattern in a macroscopic world to an amino acid, the minutest building block of life. Most of the snails around the world have right-coiled shells because of the intrinsic chirality in their genes. All the amino acids present in the human body exist in an enantiomerically pure state, except for glycine - the sole achiral amino acid.
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Overview of Cell-Cell Junctions01:14

Overview of Cell-Cell Junctions

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The complex three-dimensional arrangement of cells in any multicellular organism is defined and maintained by interactions of cells with each other and the extracellular matrix. Cell-cell junctions are specialized structures where the multi-protein complexes on one cell interact with the multi-protein complexes on another  cell. These cell junctions are classified  into three main types based on their function — occluding, anchoring, and gap junctions.
Occluding or Tight...
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pH Regulation in Cells01:28

pH Regulation in Cells

7.6K
pH plays a critical role in maintaining normal cellular activities. It helps maintain the structure and function of various proteins, dictates the charge on cellular membranes, and is crucial for metabolic reactions inside the cell. Moreover, cells use the energy from the proton motive force to generate ATP.
Cytosolic pH
Under physiological conditions, the cytosolic pH is slightly more acidic than the extracellular pH. However, cells must prevent further acidification of their cytosol to...
7.6K
Chirality at Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Sulfur02:30

Chirality at Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Sulfur

7.0K
Chirality is most prevalent in carbon-based tetrahedral compounds, but this important facet of molecular symmetry extends to sp3-hybridized nitrogen, phosphorus and sulfur centers, including trivalent molecules with lone pairs. Here, the lone pair behaves as a functional group in addition to the other three substituents to form an analogous tetrahedral center that can be chiral.
A consequence of chirality is the need for enantiomeric resolution. While this is theoretically possible for all...
7.0K
P-N junction01:11

P-N junction

1.2K
A p-n junction is formed when p-type and n-type semiconductor materials are joined together. At the interface of the p-n junction, holes from the p-side and electrons from the n-side begin to diffuse into the opposite sides due to the concentration gradient. This diffusion of carriers leads to a region around the junction where there are no free charge carriers, known as the depletion region. The charge density within the depletion region for the n-side and p-side can be described by the...
1.2K

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 3, 2026

Real-time Imaging of Endothelial Cell-cell Junctions During Neutrophil Transmigration Under Physiological Flow
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Real-time Imaging of Endothelial Cell-cell Junctions During Neutrophil Transmigration Under Physiological Flow

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Cell chirality regulates intercellular junctions and endothelial permeability.

Jie Fan1,2, Poulomi Ray1,2, Yao Wei Lu3

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA.

Science Advances
|November 7, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cell chirality, a cell

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Cell chirality is an intrinsic cellular property influencing left-right axis polarization.
  • Its role in embryonic development is recognized, but implications in physiology and disease remain largely unexplored.
  • Endothelial permeability is critical for tissue homeostasis, and its dysregulation is linked to inflammation and disease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of cell chirality in regulating endothelial permeability.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms by which protein kinase C (PKC) activation affects endothelial permeability via cell chirality.
  • To explore the potential of targeting cell chirality for therapeutic interventions.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized cell culture models to study endothelial cell behavior.
  • Investigated the effects of varying protein kinase C (PKC) activation levels on cell chirality and endothelial permeability.
  • Employed signaling pathway analysis, including phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/AKT signaling, to understand the underlying mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated that cell chirality explains the nonmonotonic dose-response between endothelial permeability and PKC activation.
  • Showed that low-level PKC activation reverses cell chirality via phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/AKT signaling.
  • Observed altered junctional protein organization between cells with opposite chirality, leading to significant changes in endothelial permeability.

Conclusions:

  • Cell chirality is a key regulator of intercellular junctions and endothelial barrier function.
  • PKC-mediated modulation of cell chirality offers a novel mechanism influencing endothelial permeability.
  • Understanding cell chirality presents new avenues for drug delivery across endothelial barriers.