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Updated: Feb 3, 2026

En Face Detection of Nitric Oxide and Superoxide in Endothelial Layer of Intact Arteries
Published on: February 25, 2016
Pharmacogenetic relevance of endothelial nitric oxide synthase polymorphisms and gene interactions
Marcelo R Luizon1,2, Daniela A Pereira2, Jose E Tanus-Santos3
1Department of General Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270-901, Brazil.
Abstract:
Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS3) is a key enzyme responsible for nitric oxide (NO) generation in the vascular endothelium. Endothelial dysfunction is characterized by reduced NO production, and is a hallmark of cardiovascular diseases. Drugs with cardiovascular action may activate NOS3 and result in NO release and vasodilation. Moreover, genetic variations affect NOS3 expression and activity, and may partially explain the variability in the responses to cardiovascular drugs. We reviewed NO signaling and genetic effects on NO formation, and the effects of NOS3 polymorphisms, haplotypes and gene-gene interactions within NO signaling pathways on the responses to cardiovascular drugs. We discuss the role of rare NOS3 variants and further gene-gene interactions analysis for the development of novel therapies for cardiovascular diseases.
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