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Alleviating the Neglected Tropical Diseases: Recent Developments in Diagnostics and Detection.
Satakshi Hazra1, Sanjukta Patra1
1Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam- 781039, India.
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry
|November 7, 2018
Summary
Advancements in diagnostic tools for neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) are crucial for global health. Developing sensitive, user-friendly point-of-care diagnostics is essential for eradicating these poverty-linked infections.
Area of Science:
- Biotechnology
- Infectious Diseases
- Global Health
Background:
- Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) affect impoverished populations in over 145 countries, necessitating multi-factorial control strategies.
- Current diagnostic methods for NTDs require improvement in sensitivity, specificity, and accessibility for endemic, low-resource settings.
- Innovative diagnostic tools, including nano-biotechnological platforms and omics approaches, are emerging but require further development.
Purpose of the Study:
- To summarize recent advancements in diagnostic tools for neglected tropical diseases (NTDs).
- To evaluate the potential of novel technologies for point-of-care (POC) diagnostics in resource-limited settings.
- To highlight the need for improved diagnostic sensitivity and specificity for NTD eradication.
Main Methods:
- Literature survey of nano-biotechnological platforms for NTD diagnostics.
- Review of advancements in qualitative and quantitative infectious load measurements.
- Exploration of omics approaches (metabolomics, metagenomics) for NTD diagnosis.
Main Results:
- Development of innovative, multiplexed, low-cost diagnostic tools for NTDs.
- Progress in detecting infectious load for diseases like dengue, Chagas, and leishmaniasis.
- Emerging strategies to address antimicrobial drug resistance in NTD diagnosis.
Conclusions:
- A unified platform for single-specimen biomarker detection for NTDs is currently lacking.
- Identification of robust biomarkers and their implementation in simple diagnostic tools are critical for overcoming current diagnostic challenges.
- Further research is needed to enhance the sensitivity and specificity of NTD diagnostic tools for effective disease control.
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