Time-varying pharmacodynamics in a simple non-integer HIV infection model
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Updated: Feb 3, 2026

Chronic, Acute, and Reactivated HIV Infection in Humanized Immunodeficient Mouse Models
Published on: December 3, 2019
Carla M A Pinto1, Ana R M Carvalho2, João N Tavares2
1School of Engineering, Polytechnic of Porto, Rua Dr António Bernardino de Almeida, 431, Porto 4249-015, Portugal.
Abstract:
In this paper we study the effect of time-varying drug exposure in the dynamics of a fractional order model for the human immunodeficiency virus infection. We compute the reproduction number of the model and verify the stability of the disease-free equilibrium. The model is simulated for parameters directly modelling the pharmacodynamics of HIV, namely the slope of the dose-response curve, the drug's half-life, and the dosing interval. The later affect in a significant way the infection patterns. The order of the fractional derivative is also a key player of the model, adding more information, which could be useful for a deeper understanding of the pharmacodynamics of HIV, necessary for more accurate therapeutic regimens.
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