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Related Concept Videos

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

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Smooth muscles are an important type of muscle tissue that plays a vital role in the involuntary movements of internal organs. For example, they help regulate the movement of food through the gut and the flow of blood through the circulatory system.
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PIWI-interacting RNAs, or piRNAs, are the most abundant short non-coding RNAs. More than 20,000 genes have been found in humans that code for piRNAs while only 2000 genes have been found for miRNAs. piRNAs can act at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels and have a vital role in silencing transposable elements present in germ cells. They are also involved in epigenetic silencing and activation. Previously, they were thought to function only in germ cells but new evidence suggests...
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One of the distinctive characteristics of circular shafts is their ability to maintain their cross-sectional integrity under torsion. In other words, each cross-section continues to exist as a flat, unaltered entity, simply rotating like a solid, rigid slab. To understand the distribution of shearing stress within such a shaft, consider a cylindrical section inside this circular shaft. This section has a length of L and a radius of R, with one end fixed. The radius of the cylindrical section is...
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Use of Alu Element Containing Minigenes to Analyze Circular RNAs
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Circular RNAs in Muscle Function and Disease.

Simona Greco1, Beatrice Cardinali2, Germana Falcone3

  • 1Molecular Cardiology Laboratory, IRCCS-Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy. simona.greco@grupposandonato.it.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|November 8, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are key gene regulators found in eukaryotes. Deregulation of these molecules is linked to diseases, particularly in striated muscle tissues.

Keywords:
cardiac musclecircular RNAsmuscle diseaseskeletal muscle

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Identification of Circular RNAs using RNA Sequencing
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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • RNA Biology

Background:

  • Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are RNA molecules formed by the circularization of exons during pre-mRNA splicing.
  • circRNAs play roles in gene regulation, including sequestering microRNAs, modulating transcription, and interfering with splicing.
  • Their expression is tissue-specific and developmentally regulated across eukaryotes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent findings on circRNAs in striated muscle.
  • To discuss the role of circRNAs in the pathogenetic mechanisms of heart and skeletal muscle diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on circRNAs in striated muscle.
  • Analysis of circRNA expression patterns in normal and diseased muscle tissues.

Main Results:

  • circRNAs are highly expressed in striated muscle (skeletal and cardiac).
  • Altered circRNA expression is observed in diseases affecting striated muscle.
  • circRNAs are implicated in the pathogenesis of heart and skeletal muscle diseases.

Conclusions:

  • circRNAs are important molecules in striated muscle biology.
  • circRNA deregulation contributes to muscle disease pathogenesis.
  • Further research into circRNAs may reveal new therapeutic targets for muscle diseases.