Microfluidic and Nanofluidic Resistive Pulse Sensing: A Review

Area of Science:

• Analytical Chemistry
• Biomedical Engineering
• Nanotechnology

Background:

• Resistive pulse sensing (RPS), based on the Coulter principle, is a key technique for particle analysis in solutions.
• Advancements in micro- and nano-fabrication have enabled the development of microfluidic and nanofluidic RPS devices.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the fundamental theories of particle sizing and counting.
• To highlight recent advancements in microfluidic and nanofluidic RPS technologies over the past six years.
• To outline future research directions and challenges in the field.

Main Methods:

• Review of basic theories of particle sizing and counting.
• Analysis of recent developments in microfluidic and nanofluidic resistive pulse sensing.
• Examination of fabrication techniques for nanopores and nanochannels.

Main Results:

• Microfluidic and nanofluidic RPS sensors offer enhanced functionality, sensitivity, and throughput.
• Recent innovations include new phenomena, improved detection methods, and expanded applications.
• Popular fabrication techniques for nanopores and nanochannels have been identified.

Conclusions:

• Microfluidic and nanofluidic RPS technologies are crucial for biomedical research and clinical diagnostics.
• Continued innovation in fabrication and sensing mechanisms will further advance the field.
• Addressing future challenges will unlock new potentials for particle analysis.