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The alternative coordinate method, also known as the Shoelace Formula, is a technique for determining the area of a traverse using Cartesian coordinates. This method relies on the sequential arrangement of x and y coordinates for each point of the shape, ensuring accuracy and ease of application.In this approach, each corner's x and y coordinates are listed as fractions, with the x-coordinate as the numerator and the y-coordinate as the denominator. These coordinates are arranged sequentially...
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BeeKeeper 2.0: Confidential Blockchain-Enabled IoT System with Fully Homomorphic Computation.

Lijing Zhou1, Licheng Wang2, Tianyi Ai3

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China. zhoulj@bupt.edu.cn.

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|November 8, 2018
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Summary

This study introduces a novel decentralized outsourcing computation (DOC) scheme for confidential blockchain-enabled Internet of Things (IoT) systems. The system, BeeKeeper 2.0, enables servers to process encrypted data without compromising privacy, ensuring secure IoT data computation.

Keywords:
IoTblockchainfull homomorphismoutsourcing computationpublicly verifiable secret sharing

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Area of Science:

  • Computer Science
  • Cybersecurity
  • Distributed Systems

Background:

  • Blockchain-enabled Internet of Things (IoT) systems are gaining traction.
  • Existing systems risk sensitive data leakage as servers access plaintext device data.
  • Need for secure computation on encrypted data in IoT environments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a decentralized outsourcing computation (DOC) scheme for secure blockchain-enabled IoT.
  • To develop a confidential blockchain-enabled IoT system, BeeKeeper 2.0, preventing server access to plaintext data.
  • To enable servers to perform any-degree homomorphic computations on encrypted IoT data.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a decentralized outsourcing computation (DOC) scheme.
  • Application of DOC to create the BeeKeeper 2.0 system for confidential blockchain-enabled IoT.
  • Implementation on Hyperledger Fabric and performance testing using Hyperledger Caliper.

Main Results:

  • Servers perform fully homomorphic computations on encrypted data without accessing plaintext.
  • Dishonest servers can be detected by the data owner.
  • BeeKeeper 2.0 achieves secure, confidential data processing in blockchain-enabled IoT systems.
  • The system demonstrates efficient performance, with a request-to-recovery time under 3.3 seconds.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed DOC scheme and BeeKeeper 2.0 system effectively address privacy concerns in blockchain-enabled IoT.
  • This represents a novel approach enabling secure, any-degree homomorphic computation on encrypted IoT data.
  • The system's performance is suitable for production needs, offering a secure and efficient solution.