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Related Concept Videos

Alternative RNA Splicing02:18

Alternative RNA Splicing

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Alternative RNA splicing is the regulated splicing of exons and introns to produce different mature mRNAs from a single pre-mRNA. Unlike in constitutive splicing where a single gene produces a single type of mRNA, alternative splicing allows an organism to produce multiple proteins from a single gene and plays an important role in protein diversity.
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Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...
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Bacteria and archaea are susceptible to viral infections just like eukaryotes; therefore, they have developed a unique adaptive immune system to protect themselves. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated proteins (CRISPR-Cas) are present in more than 45% of known bacteria and 90% of known archaea.
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CRISPR01:59

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Genome editing technologies allow scientists to modify an organism’s DNA via the addition, removal, or rearrangement of genetic material at specific genomic locations. These types of techniques could potentially be used to cure genetic disorders such as hemophilia and sickle cell anemia. One popular and widely used DNA-editing research tool that could lead to safe and effective cures for genetic disorders is the CRISPR-Cas9 system. CRISPR-Cas9 stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced...
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The Upf proteins that carry out nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) are found in all eukaryotic organisms, including humans. Each protein has an individual role, but they need to work in collaboration. Upf1 is an ATP-dependent RNA helicase that unwinds the RNA helix. Because Upf1 can unwind any RNA, Upf2 and Upf3 are required to help Upf1 discriminate between nonsense and normal mRNAs.
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Detection of Alternative Splicing During Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition
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Understanding and repurposing CRISPR-mediated alternative splicing.

Jordan L Smith1, Haiwei Mou1, Wen Xue2,3

  • 1RNA Therapeutics Institute, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA.

Genome Biology
|November 8, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Two new studies enhance understanding of CRISPR-associated exon skipping. This research redefines its potential for engineering alternative splicing in genetic research.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • CRISPR-associated (CAS) proteins are crucial for gene editing.
  • Alternative splicing is a key mechanism for generating protein diversity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the mechanisms of CRISPR-associated exon skipping.
  • To explore the application of CRISPR-associated exon skipping in engineering alternative splicing.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized CRISPR-Cas systems for targeted gene modification.
  • Analyzed RNA sequencing data to identify and quantify alternative splicing events.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated precise control over exon skipping using CRISPR-Cas tools.
  • Identified novel strategies for directing alternative splicing patterns.

Conclusions:

  • CRISPR-associated exon skipping offers a powerful method for alternative splicing engineering.
  • These findings expand the toolkit for genetic engineering and therapeutic development.