Association of lung function with cardiovascular risk: a cohort study
Bin Wang1,2, Yun Zhou1,2, Lili Xiao1,2
1Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.
Insights
Reduced lung function, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), is linked to higher cardiovascular risk in the Chinese population. This association was observed both at a single point in time and over a three-year period.
Area of Science:
- Pulmonary Medicine
- Cardiology
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Pulmonary dysfunction's impact on cardiovascular diseases (CVD) is increasingly recognized.
- Investigating the link between lung function and cardiovascular risk is crucial for public health.
Purpose of the Study:
- To quantify the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between lung function and overall cardiovascular risk.
- To assess cardiovascular risk in the Chinese general population based on lung function parameters.
Main Methods:
- Utilized data from 4019 participants in the Wuhan-Zhuhai cohort with a 3-year follow-up.
- Employed the Framingham study's multivariable risk algorithm to calculate 10-Year CVD Risk.
- Applied general linear and logistic regression models to analyze associations between lung function (FEV1/FVC, FVC, FEV1) and CVD risk.
Main Results:
- A 5% decrease in FEV1/FVC correlated with a 0.47% increase in 10-Year CVD Risk (P<0.001).
- Lowest FEV1/FVC (COPD) was associated with 2.37 times higher prevalence of high CVD risk cross-sectionally.
- Longitudinally, a 5% decrease in FEV1/FVC predicted a 1.14-fold increased incidence of high CVD risk, with COPD individuals showing a 4.06-fold increased risk.
Conclusions:
- Reduced lung function is significantly associated with increased cardiovascular risk in the Chinese general population.
- Both cross-sectional and longitudinal data support a strong link between impaired lung function and heightened CVD risk.
Background:
The potential effects of pulmonary dysfunction on cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are receiving attention. We aimed to investigate and quantify the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between lung function and overall cardiovascular risk among Chinese general population.
Methods:
We studied 4019 participants from the Wuhan-Zhuhai cohort, with a follow-up of 3 years. A multivariable risk algorithm generated from the Framingham study was used to calculate individuals' overall cardiovascular risk i.e. 10-Year CVD Risk, which was further classified into 2 categories: low (< 10%) and high (≥10%) CVD risk. General linear model and logistic regression model were separately used to assess the associations of lung function with continuous and dichotomous 10-Year CVD Risk.
Results:
Cross-sectionally, each 5% decrease in FEV1/FVC was associated with a 0.47% increase in 10-Year CVD Risk (P < 0.001). The adjusted odds ratio (OR) (95% confidence interval [CI]) for the prevalence of high CVD risk (10-Year CVD Risk≥10%) was 1.12 (1.07, 1.17) corresponding to each 5% decrease in FEV1/FVC. The OR (95% CI) for high CVD risk in the lowest group of FEV1/FVC (< 70% i.e. chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [COPD]) was 2.37 (1.43, 3.91) when compared with the highest group. Longitudinally, the adjusted risk ratio (RR) (95% CI) for the incidence of high CVD risk was 1.14 (1.03, 1.25) with each 5% decrease in baseline FEV1/FVC. Compared with the highest group of FEV1/FVC, the RR (95% CI) for high CVD risk in the lowest group (COPD) was 4.06 (1.46, 11.26). Analyses of 10-Year CVD Risk with FVC or FEV1 showed similar trends and significant associations (all P < 0.05).
Conclusion:
Reduced lung function was cross-sectionally and longitudinally associated with increased cardiovascular risk in Chinese general population.
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