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Updated: Feb 3, 2026

Non-Invasive PET/MR Imaging in an Orthotopic Mouse Model of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Published on: August 31, 2022
18F-FDG PET/CT predicts microvascular invasion and early recurrence after liver resection for hepatocellular
Chetana Lim1, Chady Salloum1, Julia Chalaye2
1Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Henri Mondor Hospital, Créteil APHP, France.
Background:
This study assessed the prognostic value of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) in the prediction of MVI and early recurrence following resection.
Method:
This prospective study (ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT02145013) included 78 consecutive HCC patients who underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT before curative-intent resection from 2014 to 2017. Prognostic factors available before surgery for predicting MVI and early recurrence (≤2 years) were identified by univariate and multivariate analyses.
Results:
The 18F-FDG PET/CT result was positive in 30 (38%) patients. MVI was present in 33% (26/78) of specimens. Early recurrence occurred in 19% (14/74) of surviving patients. PET/CT positivity was the sole independent predictor of MVI (odds ratio [OR] = 3.6, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.1-11.2; p = 0.03), with a specificity and sensitivity for predicting MVI of 73% and 62%, respectively. Analysis of variables available before surgery showed that PET/CT positivity (hazard ratio [HR] = 5.8, 95% CI = 1.6-20.4; p = 0.006) and the male sex (HR = 6.6; 95% CI = 1.8-24.2; p = 0.005) were independent predictors of early recurrence.
Conclusion:
18F-FDG PET/CT predicts MVI and early recurrence after surgery for HCC and could be used to select patients for neoadjuvant treatment.
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