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Rearrangement of the Prefrontal Cortex Neural Activity in Both Hemispheres during Learning.

A A Orlov1, E V Filatova2, S V Afanasyev1

  • 1Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 194223, Russia.

Doklady Biological Sciences : Proceedings of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Biological Sciences Sections
|November 8, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Brain hemisphere activity shifts during rat learning. Initially, the left hemisphere shows differences in neuronal responses, while the right hemisphere adapts as learning progresses, indicating distinct roles in behavioral model construction.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science
  • Behavioral Neuroscience

Background:

  • The prefrontal cortex is crucial for decision-making and learning.
  • Hemispheric specialization suggests different roles for the right and left brain sides in cognitive tasks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the dynamic changes in neuronal activity between the right and left hemispheres of the rat prefrontal cortex during a learning task.
  • To understand the distinct contributions of each hemisphere to the formation of an internal behavioral model.

Main Methods:

  • Neuronal activity was recorded from the prefrontal cortex of rats navigating a two-ring maze.
  • A pairwise comparison of neural activity associated with correct and incorrect choices was performed.
  • Changes in neuronal activity were analyzed in relation to the learning progress, measured by the percentage of correct choices.

Main Results:

  • At the start of learning, significant differences in neural activity were observed in the left hemisphere, but not the right, between correct and incorrect choices.
  • As learning improved, differences in neuronal responses emerged in the right hemisphere and diminished in the left hemisphere.
  • These opposing trends suggest a functional reorganization of hemispheric activity during the learning process.

Conclusions:

  • The findings indicate a shift in hemispheric dominance during learning, with the left hemisphere initially more involved and the right hemisphere becoming more active as the task is mastered.
  • This dynamic rearrangement of neuronal activity supports the hypothesis of specialized roles for each hemisphere in constructing and refining an internal behavioral model for navigation and decision-making.