[Therapeutic compliance in patients with renal lithiasis and biochemical risk factors.]

To evaluate patient compliance with treatment for urinary lithiasis and to detect differences in adherence, causes of this behavior and associated factors.

We performed a retrospective study of 93 patients with positive urinary metabolic study (UMS) for lithogenic pathology, diagnosed between 2013 and 2015, gathering data from the digital medical records and a structured telephonic questionnaire in 75 of them. Results were analyzed using the X2 test.

68% of the patients were males. Median age 42.92 (12.17) years. Mean follow up was 2.65 years. Most frequent metabolic alterations were: Hyperoxaluria (42.7%), Hypercalciuria (33.3%) and hipocitraturia (30.7%). Most frequently prescribed drugs: Potassium citrate (70.7%), Thiazide diuretics (26.7%) and calcium supplements (15.1). 84.2% of the patients did not know their UMS and 29.8% did not know the treatment prescribed. 41.9% followed the doses prescribed less than 50% of the times. Dietetic treatment was abandoned by 65% of the patients and pharmacological treatment by 43.5%, mainly due to laziness (62.9% vs 46.2%). 72.6% of the compliant patients experienced improvement. We find a significant relationship between academic level and diagnosis knowledge (p=0.022) and treatment (p=0.036). There were no differences in compliance depending on the number of drugs taken.

Despite urine metabolic study being well valued and treatment well tolerated therapeutic compliance is very low. Most patients would repeat or restart the treatment prescribed in case of recurrence. Diagnostic and therapeutic information provided was not understood.