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Treatment considerations for potential uropathogens detected by precision microbiological testing.

Alice N Hemenway1, Alyssa Christensen2, Christopher Schriever2

  • 1Department of Pharmacy Practice, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Pharmacy, Rockford, IL aliceh@uic.edu.

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Summary

Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) aids in identifying uncommon urinary tract infection (UTI) organisms. Clinical correlation is crucial for diagnosis and treatment, as asymptomatic bacteriuria can occur.

Keywords:
microbiologyurinary tract infectionsurine culture

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Area of Science:

  • Clinical microbiology
  • Infectious diseases
  • Diagnostic technology

Background:

  • Precision microbiological diagnostic testing, such as MALDI-TOF, increases the detection of a wider range of organisms.
  • The clinical relevance of infrequently encountered organisms in urine samples is a growing concern.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review clinical and microbiological data for urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused by six specific organisms identified by MALDI-TOF.
  • To provide insights into the management of UTIs caused by less common pathogens.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical and microbiological data for UTIs.
  • Identification of six organisms (Actinotignum schaalii, Chryseobacterium indologenes, Aerococcus urinae, Aerococcus sanguinicola, Corynebacterium riegelii, and Corynebacterium urealyticum) using MALDI-TOF.
  • Analysis of existing case reports and limited data.

Main Results:

  • Data for six underrecognized organisms causing UTIs were compiled.
  • Most data associating these organisms with UTIs were derived from case reports.
  • Asymptomatic bacteriuria is possible, necessitating clinical correlation beyond culture results.

Conclusions:

  • Precision diagnostics like MALDI-TOF improve the identification of diverse urinary pathogens.
  • Clinical correlation is essential for diagnosing UTIs caused by these organisms, not solely relying on culture.
  • Empirical treatment options are provided, but recommendations should be used cautiously due to limited data.