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Basal freeze-on generates complex ice-sheet stratigraphy.

G J-M C Leysinger Vieli1, C Martín2, R C A Hindmarsh2

  • 1Glaciology and Geomorphodynamics Group, Department of Geography, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland. gwendolyn.leysinger@geo.uzh.ch.

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|November 9, 2018
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Summary

Internal ice structures observed in Antarctica and Greenland are simulated by basal freeze-on. Plume height depends mainly on ice flux, impacting ice-core interpretations.

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Area of Science:

  • Glaciology
  • Ice Sheet Dynamics
  • Remote Sensing

Background:

  • Large, plume-like internal ice-layer structures are observed in radar images from Antarctic and Greenland ice sheets.
  • These structures rise from the ice-sheet base, reaching up to half the ice thickness.
  • The origins of these internal ice structures remain poorly understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To simulate the genesis of plume-like internal ice-layer structures using numerical ice-flow modeling.
  • To analyze the transient evolution of ice plumes and surrounding ice-layer structures.
  • To investigate the relationship between plume formation, basal freeze-on, and ice flux.

Main Methods:

  • Numerical ice-flow modeling to simulate basal freeze-on processes.
  • Analysis of the transient evolution of ice plumes and surrounding ice-layer structures.
  • Comparison of model results with radar observations from Antarctica and Greenland.

Main Results:

  • Good agreement found between radar observations and modeled ice-plume geometry and internal layer structure.
  • Ice-plume height is primarily related to ice flux and secondarily to the freeze-on rate.
  • Spatial plume distribution in Northern Greenland supports the influence of ice flux and suggests subglacial water flow controls freeze-on.

Conclusions:

  • Basal freeze-on is a significant process shaping ice sheet stratigraphy.
  • The findings have implications for interpreting ice-core data.
  • Understanding plume formation is crucial for accurate ice sheet mass balance assessments.