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Interpretation of Serological Complement Biomarkers in Disease
Kristina N Ekdahl1,2, Barbro Persson1, Camilla Mohlin2
1Rudbeck Laboratory C5:3, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Frontiers in Immunology
|November 9, 2018
Summary
Aberrant complement system activation is implicated in various diseases. This review details complement analysis indications, methods, and interpretation for clinical applications.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Pathophysiology
Background:
- The complement system plays a crucial role in innate and adaptive immunity.
- Aberrations in complement pathways are linked to diverse diseases, including infections, autoimmune disorders, and transplantation complications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the clinical indications for assessing complement status.
- To summarize available techniques for complement analysis.
- To guide the interpretation of complement test results in various clinical contexts.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on complement system analysis.
- Discussion of serological assays for complement components, activation products, function, and autoantibodies.
- Clinical case examples illustrating the application of complement testing.
Main Results:
- Key indications for complement testing include deficiencies, aberrant activation, C1 inhibitor disorders, and monitoring complement-regulating therapies.
- Various methods exist for complement analysis, including quantification of components, activation markers, and functional assays.
- Interpreting complement test results requires careful consideration of clinical context and assay limitations.
Conclusions:
- Accurate complement status determination is vital for diagnosing and managing complement-related disorders.
- Advancements in complement analysis techniques are improving diagnostic capabilities.
- This review provides a framework for understanding and applying complement diagnostics in clinical practice.
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