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The thermodynamic processes can be classified into reversible and irreversible processes. The processes that can be restored to their initial state are called reversible processes. It is only possible if the process is in quasi-static equilibrium, i.e., it takes place in infinitesimally small steps, and the system remains at equilibrium However, these are ideal processes and do not occur naturally. An ideal system undergoing a reversible process is always in thermodynamic equilibrium within...
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Identification of Nucleolar Factors During HIV-1 Replication Through Rev Immunoprecipitation and Mass Spectrometry
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Nucleolar stress: is there a reverse version?

Lu Lu1,2, Huimei Yi1,2, Chao Chen1,2

  • 1Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Stem Cell Research, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China.

Journal of Cancer
|November 9, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers discovered "reverse nucleolar stress," a novel cellular response to the compound lovastatin in breast cancer stem cells, distinct from traditional nucleolar stress caused by chemotherapy.

Keywords:
Nucleolusnucleolar stressribosome biogenesis

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Area of Science:

  • Cellular Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • The nucleolus is crucial for cellular functions and its dysfunction leads to nucleolar stress.
  • Nucleolar stress, induced by chemotherapy, involves nucleolar shrinkage, inhibited rRNA synthesis, and protein translocation.
  • Lovastatin (LV) is a natural compound studied for its apoptosis-inducing effects on cancer cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of lovastatin on breast cancer stem cells.
  • To identify and characterize a novel form of nucleolar stress induced by lovastatin.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of nucleolar protein localization (NPM, Nolc1, RPL3) under doxorubicin and lovastatin treatment.
  • Assessment of rRNA synthesis inhibition.
  • Evaluation of nucleolar size and AgNOR staining.

Main Results:

  • Lovastatin induced "reverse nucleolar stress" characterized by perinucleolar NPM localization and increased Nolc1 levels.
  • Canonical nucleolar stress (doxorubicin) caused NPM translocation and Nolc1 abolishment.
  • Reverse nucleolar stress showed RPL3 translocation to the nucleolus and increased AgNOR staining.

Conclusions:

  • A novel form of nucleolar stress, "reverse nucleolar stress," has been identified and distinguished from canonical nucleolar stress.
  • The functional outcomes of reverse nucleolar stress require further investigation but may involve cell death or normalization.
  • This discovery opens new research avenues in nucleolar biology and cancer therapy.