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Wind-Driven Saltation: An Overlooked Challenge for Life on Mars.

E N Bak1, M G Larsen1, S K Jensen2

  • 11 Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University , Aarhus, Denmark .

Astrobiology
|November 9, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Wind-driven saltation on Mars can destroy hardy bacterial spores within a minute through abrasion. This physical process poses a significant hazard to potential Martian life and protects against Earth contamination.

Keywords:
ErosionForward contaminationHabitabilityMicroorganisms.SaltationSpores

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Area of Science:

  • Astrobiology
  • Planetary Science
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Martian surface is hostile due to radiation and reactive regolith.
  • Physical processes like saltation have not been fully assessed as life hazards.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of simulated Martian saltation on bacterial endospores.
  • To assess saltation as a factor in Martian surface habitability and contamination.

Main Methods:

  • Exposing highly resistant bacterial endospores (Bacillus subtilis) to a simulated saltating Martian environment.
  • Analyzing spore damage using scanning electron microscopy.

Main Results:

  • 50% of bacterial spores were destroyed by saltation-mediated abrasion in under one minute.
  • Spores were not only damaged but eradicated by the saltation process.

Conclusions:

  • Saltation-mediated abrasion is a significant life hazard on the Martian surface.
  • This process may prevent forward contamination of Mars and challenge extant or extinct Martian life.