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64-multidetector CT anatomical assessment of the feline bronchial and pulmonary vascular structures

Ioannis Panopoulos1, Edoardo Auriemma2, Swan Specchi2

  • 1Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Alphavet, Kifisia, Athens, Greece.

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery
|November 9, 2018
PubMed

Insights

This study details feline bronchial and vascular anatomy using CT angiography. Findings reveal a mixed branching pattern and predominantly three pulmonary vein ostia in cats, with variations noted.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Anatomy
  • Thoracic Imaging
  • Comparative Morphology

Background:

  • Accurate anatomical knowledge of feline respiratory and vascular systems is crucial for diagnosing and treating thoracic diseases.
  • Previous studies have provided limited detailed anatomical descriptions of the feline bronchovascular system.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a comprehensive anatomical investigation of the feline bronchial and pulmonary vascular structures.
  • To characterize the branching patterns and dimensions of these structures using CT angiography.

Main Methods:

  • Computed tomography angiography (CTA) was performed on adult cats without clinical respiratory signs.
  • Bronchial and vascular dimensions, branch numbers, and branching patterns (monopodial vs. dichotomic) were analyzed.
  • Statistical correlation between tracheal diameter, age, and body weight was assessed.

Main Results:

  • Pulmonary arteries were larger than pulmonary veins, which were larger than bronchial structures.
  • The left caudal lung lobe exhibited a higher number of segmental bronchial and vascular branches.
  • A predominantly monopodial branching pattern was observed in most lobes, with dichotomic patterns in the accessory lobe.
  • Most cats (93%) displayed three pulmonary vein ostia, with variations noted.

Conclusions:

  • Feline bronchovascular architecture is a mixed monopodial and dichotomic branching type.
  • The feline pulmonary venous system typically features three ostia, though variations exist.
  • This detailed anatomical data is relevant for veterinary thoracic imaging and surgical planning.
Abstract

Keywords:
Computed tomographyangiographypulmonary vesselsthorax

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