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Area of Science:

  • Social Psychology
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Group Dynamics

Background:

  • Individuals exhibit varying personal time orientations (future, present, past).
  • The concept of collective temporal orientation (in-group time perspective) is relatively unexplored.
  • Understanding group temporal focus is crucial for explaining group-based emotions and behaviors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether individuals possess a collective temporal orientation towards their social groups.
  • To examine the relationship between personal and collective temporal orientations.
  • To explore the predictive validity of collective temporal orientation for group-based emotions.

Main Methods:

  • Four studies employing correlational and experimental designs.
  • Assessment of personal and collective temporal orientations (e.g., national self).
  • Measurement of group-based emotions such as collective guilt and collective angst.

Main Results:

  • Personal and collective temporal orientations are linked but distinct.
  • Collective past orientation predicts collective guilt.
  • Collective future orientation predicts collective angst.
  • Collective temporal orientation varies across different self-relevant groups and can be experimentally manipulated.

Conclusions:

  • Temporal cognition extends beyond the individual to encompass the social self.
  • Collective temporal orientation is a valid construct with implications for understanding group psychology.
  • This research offers new insights into the temporal dynamics of social identity and intergroup relations.