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Related Concept Videos

Structural Joints: Synovial Joints01:16

Structural Joints: Synovial Joints

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Synovial joints are the most common type of joint in the body. A key structural characteristic for a synovial joint is the presence of a joint cavity. This fluid-filled space is where the articulating surfaces of the bones contact each other. Also, unlike fibrous or cartilaginous joints, the articulating bone surfaces at a synovial joint are not directly connected to each other with fibrous connective tissue or cartilage. This gives the bones of a synovial joint the ability to move smoothly...
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Structural Joints: Fibrous Joints01:03

Structural Joints: Fibrous Joints

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Fibrous joints are a type of joint where the bones are connected by fibrous connective tissue. These joints provide stability and minimal to no movement between the articulating bones. There are three types of fibrous joints.
Suture
All the bones of the skull, except for the mandible, are joined to each other by a fibrous joint called a suture. The fibrous connective tissue found at a suture strongly unites the adjacent skull bones and thus helps to protect the brain and form the face. In...
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Structural Joints: Cartilaginous Joints01:17

Structural Joints: Cartilaginous Joints

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As the name indicates, at a cartilaginous joint, the adjacent bones are united by cartilage, a tough but flexible type of connective tissue. Unlike synovial joints, these types of joints lack a joint cavity and involve bones joined together by either hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage.
There are two types of cartilaginous joints:
Synchondrosis
A synchondrosis ("joined by cartilage") is a cartilaginous joint where bones are connected by hyaline cartilage. Synchondrosis may be temporary...
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Joints01:26

Joints

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Joints, also called articulations or articular surfaces, are points at which ligaments or other tissues connect adjacent bones. Joints permit movement and stability, and can be classified based on their structure or function.
Structural joint classifications are based on the material that makes up the joint as well as whether or not the joint contains a space between the bones. Joints are structurally classified as fibrous, cartilaginous, or synovial.
Fibrous Joints Are Immovable
The bones of a...
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Method of Joints01:30

Method of Joints

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The method of joints is a commonly used technique to analyze the forces in structural trusses. The method is based on the principle of equilibrium, which assumes that the truss members are connected by frictionless pins. The forces at each joint can be determined by considering the equilibrium of the forces acting on that joint.
Since plane truss members are in the same plane, each joint is subjected to a coplanar and concurrent force system. To apply the method of joints, the first step is to...
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Introduction to Joints00:58

Introduction to Joints

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The adult human body usually has 206 bones, and except for the hyoid bone in the neck, each bone is connected to at least one other bone. Joints are the location where bones come together. Many joints allow for movement between the bones. At these joints, the articulating surfaces of the adjacent bones can move smoothly against each other. However, the bones of other joints may be joined by connective tissue or cartilage. These joints are designed for stability and provide little or no...
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Related Experiment Video

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Author Spotlight: A Novel 3D-Printed Titanium Implant for Minimally Invasive Treatment of Hip Dysplasia in Young Dogs
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Backside wear in acetabular hip joint replacement.

Steffen Braun1, Robert Sonntag1, Stefan Schroeder1

  • 1Laboratory of Biomechanics and Implant Research, Clinic for Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany.

Acta Biomaterialia
|November 9, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study developed a new method to measure polyethylene backside wear in artificial hip cups. The findings show that backside wear particles are smaller than articulating wear particles, potentially increasing biological response.

Keywords:
Backside wearHip cup systemMicro-motionsParticle analysisTotal hip replacement

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Wear Particle Analysis

Background:

  • Micro-motions in hip replacements can cause wear between polyethylene liners and metal cups.
  • This backside wear may contribute to pelvic osteolysis and cup loosening.
  • Previous methods lacked quantitative assessment of backside wear debris.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a quantitative in vitro method for measuring polyethylene backside wear in artificial hip cups.
  • To characterize the size and morphology of backside wear particles for the first time.
  • To compare backside wear particles with articulating wear particles.

Main Methods:

  • Titanium cup-systems with UHMWPE liners were subjected to simulated physiological loading and torque.
  • The backside of the cup was isolated to collect wear debris.
  • Particle analysis was performed on filtered fluid after 2x10^6 cycles.

Main Results:

  • Backside wear particles measured 64.1 ± 1.9 nm in size.
  • Particles were predominantly round/oval with partly rough outlines.
  • An estimated 1.26x10^9 ± 1.67x10^8 particles were generated per 10^6 cycles.

Conclusions:

  • A validated quantitative method for measuring polyethylene backside wear was established.
  • Backside wear occurs even in modern hip implant systems.
  • Smaller, roughened backside wear particles may elicit a greater biological response, potentially impacting bone resorption.