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Early human dispersals within the Americas.

J Víctor Moreno-Mayar1, Lasse Vinner1, Peter de Barros Damgaard1

  • 1Centre for GeoGenetics, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, 1350 Copenhagen, Denmark.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Ancient genomes reveal rapid dispersal and diversification across the Americas. Early migrations led to complex population histories, including previously unknown groups and Australasian genetic signals.

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Area of Science:

  • Human evolution
  • Population genetics
  • Archaeology

Background:

  • Previous studies on the peopling of the Americas primarily focused on initial migration events.
  • The subsequent intrapopulation dynamics and dispersal patterns within the Americas remain less understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the genetic diversity and population movements within the Americas after initial peopling.
  • To reconstruct detailed population histories using ancient genomic data.

Main Methods:

  • Sequencing of 15 ancient human genomes from Alaska to Patagonia.
  • Genomic analysis of individuals, including six ≥10,000 years old, and comparison with Native American populations.
  • Investigating genetic relationships with Ancient Beringian and Paleoamerican individuals.

Main Results:

  • All sequenced genomes are most closely related to Native Americans.
  • Evidence of rapid dispersal and early diversification, revealing previously unknown groups.
  • Identification of multiple independent migrations, including a Late Pleistocene Australasian genetic signal and a Mesoamerican-related expansion.

Conclusions:

  • Ancient human populations in the Americas experienced complex and dynamic histories.
  • Post-migration dispersal led to significant genetic diversification across North and South America.
  • Genomic data provides new insights into the intricate peopling of the Americas.