Effects of rotation on temperature fluctuations in turbulent thermal convection on a hemisphere

Rotation is present in many physical and geophysical systems and its role in determining flow properties and modifying turbulent fluctuations is of crucial importance. Here we focus on the role of rotation on temperature fluctuations in turbulent thermal convection. The system used consists of a rotating half soap bubble heated from below. This system has features, curvature and a quasi two dimensional character, which are reminiscent of atmospheric and planetary systems. Our experiments and numerical simulations show that rotation changes the nature of turbulent fluctuations and a new scaling regime is obtained for the temperature field. This change in the scaling behavior of temperature fluctuations, due to rotation, is put forth by studying the so called second moment of temperature differences across different scales. For high enough rotation rates, these temperature differences display a transition from Bolgiano Obukhov scaling to a new scaling regime. This scaling is at odds with expectations from theory, numerics, and experiments in three dimensions, suggesting that the effects of rotation on turbulent flows depend strongly on geometry and spatial dimension.