Plantation is an effective measure in addressing the health issues

To highlight the influence of environmental hazards and geographical degradation on population health status.

The ecological study was conducted at the Institute of Health Management, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, and incorporated facts and figures gathered from primary and secondary data sources between November and December 2016. Employing proportionate quota sampling, data from both developed and developing countries was included. Parameters analysed included life expectancy, health expenditure characterising health profile, urbanisation, forest, agriculture land area proportions characterising geographic profile, and air, noise pollution index characterizing environmental profile. Data was analysed on Microsoft Excel 2016.

Of the 20 countries, 4(20%) were developed and 16(80%) were developing. Overall, 5(25%) countries, either considerably or modestly-forested were likely to be less polluted, while the opposite was true for 7(35%) others. Besides, 7(44%) agrarian states -- 2(50%) developed and 5(31%) developing-- correlated sustenance proportionately with healthy prolonged life expectancy. Overall, 15(75%) countries validated healthy life expectancy proportionate with health expenditure. The only exceptions were 5(31%) developing countries. Also, 14(70%) states associated urbanisation with health expense.

Growing urbanisation is the biggest threat to ecological resources. Plantation is an effective measure to address these challenges.