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Related Concept Videos

The Thyroid Gland01:23

The Thyroid Gland

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The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck and covers the anterior surface of the trachea. The gland has two lateral lobes connected by a thin tissue mass called the isthmus. Internally, each lobe comprises many small spherical structures known as thyroid follicles, surrounded by a network of blood vessels.
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Functions of Thyroid Hormones01:18

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The thyroid hormone (TH) plays a pivotal role in the intricate orchestration of physiological processes, exerting profound effects on development, metabolism, and homeostasis throughout different life stages.
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Genetic screens are tools used to identify genes and mutations responsible for phenotypes of interest. Genetic screens help identify individuals or a group of people at risk of developing  genetic diseases and help them with early intervention, targeted therapy, and reproductive options.
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The most basic experimental design involves two groups: the experimental group and the control group. The two groups are designed to be the same except for one difference— experimental manipulation. The experimental group gets the experimental manipulation—that is, the treatment or variable being tested—and the control group does not. Since experimental manipulation is the only difference between the experimental and control groups, we can be sure that any differences between...
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Thyroid Screening in Early Pregnancy: Pros and Cons.

Peter N Taylor1, Stamatios Zouras2, Thinzar Min3

  • 1Thyroid Research Group, Systems Immunity Research Institute, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, United Kingdom.

Frontiers in Endocrinology
|November 10, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Universal thyroid screening in pregnancy is cost-effective and identifies more cases than high-risk screening. This approach ensures better maternal and fetal health outcomes by addressing thyroid dysfunction.

Keywords:
developmenthyperthyroidismhypothyroidismobstetricpregnancyscreeningthyroid

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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Endocrinology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Thyroid hormones are crucial for healthy pregnancy and fetal development.
  • Thyroid dysfunction affects many women of childbearing age, leading to adverse outcomes.
  • Current high-risk screening misses most thyroid dysfunction cases in pregnancy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To critically appraise the literature on universal thyroid screening in pregnancy.
  • To examine the pros and cons of universal screening against established criteria.
  • To highlight evidence supporting universal screening and discuss implementation.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and critical appraisal.
  • Analysis of economic models comparing screening strategies.
  • Evaluation using Wilson and Jungner criteria for screening programs.

Main Results:

  • Universal screening is more cost-effective than high-risk screening.
  • High-risk screening misses the majority of thyroid dysfunction cases.
  • Growing evidence supports the benefits of universal thyroid screening.

Conclusions:

  • Universal thyroid screening in pregnancy is a viable and cost-effective strategy.
  • Addressing concerns about asymptomatic abnormalities is key to implementation.
  • Further evidence and practical considerations support broader adoption.