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Quantifying the Relative Thickness of Conductive Ferromagnetic Materials Using Detector Coil-Based Pulsed Eddy Current Sensors
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Second-Harmonic Current-Phase Relation in Josephson Junctions with Ferromagnetic Barriers.

M J A Stoutimore1, A N Rossolenko2, V V Bolginov2,3,4

  • 1Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA.

Physical Review Letters
|November 10, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We observed a dominant second Josephson harmonic in superconductor-ferromagnet-superconductor junctions near a 0-to-π transition. This exotic behavior, confirmed by multiple methods, highlights unique properties of these hybrid superconducting devices.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Superconductivity
  • Spintronics

Background:

  • Superconductor-ferromagnet-superconductor (SFS) junctions exhibit complex Josephson current-phase relations.
  • The 0-to-π transition in SFS junctions is a key phenomenon for controlling superconducting states.
  • Understanding higher-order Josephson harmonics is crucial for advancing superconducting electronics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the current-phase relation in SFS junctions near a 0-to-π transition.
  • To identify and characterize the presence of higher-order Josephson harmonics.
  • To elucidate the physical mechanisms responsible for exotic current-phase relations in SFS systems.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication and characterization of superconductor-ferromagnet-superconductor junctions.
  • Direct measurement of the current-phase relation.
  • Josephson interferometry techniques.
  • Analysis of Shapiro steps under microwave irradiation.

Main Results:

  • Observation of a current-phase relation dominated by the second Josephson harmonic.
  • The second harmonic becomes prominent near the temperature-controlled 0-to-π junction transition where the first harmonic vanishes.
  • Nonvanishing supercurrent and half-integer Shapiro steps at the 0-π transition provide self-consistent evidence for the intrinsic second harmonic term.
  • Alternative origins for half-periodic behavior were ruled out.

Conclusions:

  • The observed dominant second Josephson harmonic is an intrinsic property of the SFS junctions near the 0-to-π transition.
  • This finding aligns with theoretical predictions for SFS junctions with thin ferromagnetic interlayers.
  • The study confirms the potential for controlling and utilizing higher-order Josephson harmonics in hybrid superconducting devices.