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Development of a 68Gallium-Labeled D-Peptide PET Tracer for Imaging Programmed Death-Ligand 1 Expression
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Expression of programmed death ligand 1 and 2 in adrenocortical cancer tissues: An exploratory study

John F Tierney1, Alyx Vogle1, Jennifer Poirier1

  • 1Rush University Medical Center, Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, Chicago, Illinois.

Surgery
|November 11, 2018
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Programmed death ligand 2 is commonly expressed in adrenocortical carcinoma, unlike programmed death ligand 1. Further studies should evaluate checkpoint inhibitors for this cancer.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Immunology
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • Immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting programmed death 1 (PD-1) interactions are effective in advanced cancers.
  • Expression of PD-1 ligands (PD-L1 and PD-L2) has not been previously studied in adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the expression of programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and programmed death ligand 2 (PD-L2) in adrenocortical carcinoma.
  • To determine the potential utility of immune checkpoint inhibitors in treating ACC.

Main Methods:

  • Analyzed 56 adrenal tissue samples (34 ACC, 22 benign).
  • Utilized immunohistochemistry to detect PD-L1, PD-L2, and CD8 expression.
  • Scored membranous staining and performed statistical analyses (Mann-Whitney U, Fisher exact tests).

Main Results:

  • Programmed death ligand 2 (PD-L2) was expressed in 44% of ACC samples, while PD-L1 expression was found in only one ACC sample (P=.03).
  • ACC samples showed significantly higher PD-L2 expression in tumor or stromal cells compared to benign samples (OR=2.3, P=.03).
  • No significant association was found between PD-L2 expression and CD8 levels or tumor characteristics.

Conclusions:

  • Programmed death ligand 2 (PD-L2) is frequently expressed in adrenocortical carcinoma, suggesting potential therapeutic relevance.
  • Programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression is rare in ACC.
  • Further research is warranted to evaluate the efficacy of checkpoint inhibitors targeting PD-L1/PD-L2 pathways in ACC treatment.

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