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[Time and Self in Episodic Memory and Confabulation].

Saeko Iwata1, Takashi Tsukiura

  • 1Department of Cognitive and Behavioral Science, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University.

Brain and Nerve = Shinkei Kenkyu No Shinpo
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Summary

Confabulation, often seen in amnesia, may stem from impaired time-self interaction. This occurs when basal forebrain damage disrupts the connection between self-awareness and episodic memory processing.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Confabulation involves creating false memories, frequently seen in amnesia linked to basal forebrain damage.
  • The underlying mechanisms driving confabulation remain poorly understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review neuropsychological and neuroimaging studies on confabulation.
  • To propose a hypothetical mechanism for confabulation based on existing research.

Main Methods:

  • Review of previous neuropsychological and neuroimaging studies.
  • Analysis of the role of basal forebrain, medial prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, and thalamus in memory and self-awareness.

Main Results:

  • Patients with confabulation and basal forebrain damage show deficits in processing time-related episodic memory.
  • Damage extending to medial prefrontal cortex and other regions correlates with disturbed age-awareness and false memories.

Conclusions:

  • The basal forebrain may act as an interface, integrating self-referential processes (mPFC) with episodic memory (hippocampus) to orient individuals in time.
  • A decline in the time-self interaction, potentially due to basal forebrain dysfunction, could underlie confabulation in amnesia.