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Updated: Feb 2, 2026

Optical Sectioning and Visualization of the Intervertebral Disc from Embryonic Development to Degeneration
Published on: July 8, 2021
Assessment of Lactate Production and Proteoglycans Synthesis by the Intact and Degenerated Intervertebral Disc Cells
V A Byvaltsev1,2,3, S I Kolesnikov4,5, L A Bardonova6,7
1Irkutsk State Medical University, Irkutsk, Russia. byval75vadim@yandex.ru.
Abstract:
The effects of proinflammatory cytokines on the secretion of glycosaminoglycans and lactate production by normal and degenerated intervertebral disk cells were studied on the model of their co-culturing with activated macrophage-like cells. It was found that proinflammatory cytokines produced a direct effect on intervertebral disk cells in a 3D culture reducing the rate of glycolysis and synthetic activity of both normal and degenerated cells of annulus fibrosus and nucleus pulposus, which is an important factor in progression of intervertebral disk degeneration.
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