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Updated: Feb 2, 2026

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Developmental stress and telomere dynamics in a genetically polymorphic species.

Andrea S Grunst1,2, Melissa L Grunst1,2, Rusty A Gonser1

  • 1Department of Biology, The Center for Genomic Advocacy, Indiana State University, Terre Haute, Indiana.

Journal of Evolutionary Biology
|November 13, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Developmental stress impacts telomere length in white-throated sparrows, but doesn't explain adult aging differences between morphs. Fast growth and oxidative stress in nestlings shorten telomeres.

Keywords:
developmental stressdisassortative matinggenetic polymorphismtelomereswhite-throated sparrow

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary biology
  • Gerontology
  • Animal behavior

Background:

  • Understanding variation in life-history trajectories and aging (senescence) is key in evolutionary biology.
  • Developmental stress can accelerate telomere degradation, impacting long-term fitness and longevity.
  • The link between developmental stress, telomere dynamics, and adult senescence patterns remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if developmental stress and telomere dynamics contribute to senescence patterns in adult white-throated sparrows (Zonotrichia albicollis).
  • To explore the relationship between oxidative stress and telomere length in nestlings.
  • To determine if morph-specific differences in developmental stress explain observed senescence differences in adults.

Main Methods:

  • Studied the dimorphic white-throated sparrow, comparing two morphs with known behavioral and senescence differences.
  • Assessed oxidative stress and telomere length in nestlings, correlating these with growth rates and nestling size.
  • Examined morph-sex differences in oxidative stress and telomere dynamics during development.

Main Results:

  • Nestlings that were smaller than their nest mates exhibited higher oxidative stress.
  • Nestlings with high oxidative stress and fast growth rates showed shorter telomeres.
  • No consistent morph-sex differences in oxidative stress or telomere length were found in nestlings.

Conclusions:

  • Oxidative stress and rapid growth contribute to telomere attrition during development in white-throated sparrows.
  • These developmental factors may have long-term consequences for adult organisms.
  • Developmental oxidative stress and telomere dynamics do not explain the observed adult senescence differences between morphs.