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The Trier Social Stress Test Protocol for Inducing Psychological Stress
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Stress-induced hyperglycaemia.

Simon Mifsud1, Emma L Schembri2, Mark Gruppetta3

  • 1Basic Specialist Trainee, Department of Medicine, Mater Dei Hospital, Msida, Malta, MSD 2090.

British Journal of Hospital Medicine (London, England : 2005)
|November 13, 2018
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Stress-induced hyperglycemia, an immune-neurohormonal response, increases metabolic substrates but causes harm. Prompt recognition and management are crucial for inpatient care and long-term diabetes risk assessment.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Immunology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Stress-induced hyperglycemia is a critical clinical condition.
  • It represents an adaptive immune-neurohormonal response to physiological stress.
  • This response aims to supply metabolic substrates to vital organs during crises.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the definition, pathophysiology, and management of stress-induced hyperglycemia.
  • To highlight the significance of stress-induced hyperglycemia in clinical practice.
  • To discuss targets and strategies for managing this condition.

Main Methods:

  • This review synthesizes current knowledge on stress-induced hyperglycemia.
  • It examines the underlying immune-neurohormonal mechanisms.
  • The review analyzes clinical implications and management approaches.

Main Results:

  • Stress-induced hyperglycemia, while adaptive, has detrimental effects requiring treatment.
  • It is linked to increased patient morbidity and short-term mortality.
  • The stress hyperglycemia ratio aids in identifying high-risk patients for improved management.

Conclusions:

  • Admission hyperglycemia requires careful interpretation, not automatically indicating diabetes mellitus.
  • Prompt recognition and management of stress-induced hyperglycemia improve inpatient outcomes.
  • Patients with stress-induced hyperglycemia need follow-up due to persistent risk for developing diabetes.