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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 2, 2026

Measuring the Carotid to Femoral Pulse Wave Velocity Cf-PWV to Evaluate Arterial Stiffness
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Carotid pulse wave analysis: left or right, does it matter?

Telmo Pereira1, Sara Domingues1, João Maldonado2

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Summary

Pulse wave analysis (PWA) over the carotid artery provides similar central blood pressure measurements whether taken from the right or left side. However, agreement for pulse wave morphology is only moderate, warranting further investigation.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Physiology
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Hemodynamics

Background:

  • Pulse wave analysis (PWA) is a method for assessing central arterial pressures and hemodynamic parameters.
  • Limited data compare PWA measurements between the right and left carotid arteries, with most studies focusing on the right side.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the agreement of PWA-derived hemodynamic parameters between the right and left carotid arteries.
  • To determine if measurements from either carotid artery are interchangeable for central blood pressure estimation.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving 38 healthy adults (mean age 28.85 years).
  • Brachial blood pressure measured using a sphygmomanometer.
  • PWA performed using the Complior Analyse system, randomly over the left or right carotid artery by a single experienced operator.

Main Results:

  • No statistically significant differences were found for central systolic blood pressure (SBP), central pulse pressure, augmentation index, or SBP amplification between the two carotid arteries.
  • Bland-Altman analysis revealed very strong agreement for central SBP (ICC=0.926) and central pulse pressure (ICC=0.886).
  • Moderate agreement was observed for the augmentation index and SBP amplification (ICCs between 0.5 and 0.8).

Conclusions:

  • PWA yields comparable central blood pressure estimates from either the right or left carotid artery.
  • While central blood pressure measurements show good agreement, pulse wave morphology parameters exhibit only moderate concordance between the two sides.
  • Further research is needed to explore the clinical advantages of PWA from specific carotid territories.