Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Torque01:10

Torque

22.4K
Torque is an important quantity for describing the dynamics of a rotating rigid body. We see the application of torque in many ways in the world, such as when pressing the accelerator in a car, which causes the engine to apply additional torque on the drivetrain. Here, we define torque and provide a framework to create an equation to calculate torque for a rigid body with fixed-axis rotation.
Torque can be considered as the rotational counterpart to force. Since forces change the translational...
22.4K
Torque Free Motion01:15

Torque Free Motion

814
The torque-free motion refers to the movement of a rigid body in space when no external torques are acting upon it. This type of motion can be observed in environments where there are no external forces or frictions, like in outer space. For example, a rotation of Mars in space is a torque-free motion. Mars is an axisymmetric object, meaning it has an axis of symmetry along which it rotates, designated as the z-axis. The rotating frame of reference is defined such that the center of mass of...
814
Net Torque Calculations01:19

Net Torque Calculations

11.4K
When a mechanic tries to remove a hex nut with a wrench, it is easier if the force is applied at the farthest end of the wrench handle. The lever arm is the distance from the pivot point (the hex nut in this case) to the person’s hand. If this distance is large, the torque is higher. Only the component of the force perpendicular to the lever arm contributes to the torque. Therefore, pushing the wrench perpendicular to the lever arm is more advantageous. If multiple people apply force to...
11.4K
Constraints and Statical Determinacy01:26

Constraints and Statical Determinacy

1.0K
In structural engineering, the equilibrium of a system is not only determined by its equations of equilibrium but also with the help of constraints. Constraints refer to restrictions on the motion of a system. The proper combinations of constraints can minimize the total number of constraints needed to maintain a system in mechanical equilibrium. When this happens, the system is said to be statically determinate. For such systems, the unknown reaction supports can be estimated using equilibrium...
1.0K
RC Circuit with Source01:15

RC Circuit with Source

2.8K
When a DC source is abruptly applied to an RC (Resistor-Capacitor) circuit, the voltage can be represented as a unit step function. The voltage across the capacitor, known as the step response, characterizes how the circuit reacts to this sudden change in input.
Due to the inherent properties of a capacitor, its voltage cannot change instantaneously. This means that immediately after the switch is closed, the capacitor's voltage remains the same as it was just before the switch was closed.
2.8K
Applications of RC Circuits01:22

Applications of RC Circuits

4.0K
A relaxation oscillator is one of the applications of RC circuits. A neon lamp relaxation oscillator comprises a capacitor, a resistor, a voltage source, and a lamp. The lamp acts like an open circuit, with infinite resistance until the potential difference across the lamp reaches a specific voltage. At that voltage, the lamp acts like a short circuit with zero resistance, and the capacitor discharges through the lamp, thus producing light. Once the capacitor is fully discharged through the...
4.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Sensory-driven neck-limb coordination mechanisms for walk-trot-gallop gait transitions.

Scientific reports·2026
Same author

Length Control of Pneumatic Artificial Muscles Inspired by Intrafusal-Extrafusal Muscle Interactions.

Bioinspiration & biomimetics·2026
Same author

Correction: Angiography- and IVUS-tip-detection-guided 3D wiring for CTO and non-CTO percutaneous coronary interventions.

Cardiovascular intervention and therapeutics·2026
Same author

Angiography- and IVUS-tip-detection-guided 3D wiring for CTO and non-CTO percutaneous coronary interventions.

Cardiovascular intervention and therapeutics·2026
Same author

Failure-avoidance bayesian optimization with failure-boundary search for automatic exploration of digging control parameters.

Scientific reports·2026
Same author

Sub-analysis of perfusion balloon predilatation with intracoronary nicorandil vs. distal protection for acute coronary syndrome: A comparative evaluation.

Fujita medical journal·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 2, 2026

Bacterial Detection & Identification Using Electrochemical Sensors
09:30

Bacterial Detection & Identification Using Electrochemical Sensors

Published on: April 23, 2013

29.0K

Virtual Torque Sensor for Low-Cost RC Servo Motors Based on Dynamic System Identification Utilizing Parametric

Yoonkyu Hwang1, Yuki Minami2, Masato Ishikawa3

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan. hwang@eom.mech.eng.osaka-u.ac.jp.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|November 15, 2018
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a new virtual torque sensor for affordable radio-controlled (RC) servo motors. This innovation enables precise torque control in robots with unknown internal dynamics, overcoming limitations of existing methods.

Keywords:
internal dynamic modelremote-controlled servo motorsystem identificationvirtual torque sensor

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Enhancing Neurorehabilitation Through EEG, Motor Imagery, and Virtual Reality
10:14

Author Spotlight: Enhancing Neurorehabilitation Through EEG, Motor Imagery, and Virtual Reality

Published on: May 10, 2024

1.8K
Using Virtual Reality to Transfer Motor Skill Knowledge from One Hand to Another
05:12

Using Virtual Reality to Transfer Motor Skill Knowledge from One Hand to Another

Published on: September 18, 2017

548.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 2, 2026

Bacterial Detection & Identification Using Electrochemical Sensors
09:30

Bacterial Detection & Identification Using Electrochemical Sensors

Published on: April 23, 2013

29.0K
Author Spotlight: Enhancing Neurorehabilitation Through EEG, Motor Imagery, and Virtual Reality
10:14

Author Spotlight: Enhancing Neurorehabilitation Through EEG, Motor Imagery, and Virtual Reality

Published on: May 10, 2024

1.8K
Using Virtual Reality to Transfer Motor Skill Knowledge from One Hand to Another
05:12

Using Virtual Reality to Transfer Motor Skill Knowledge from One Hand to Another

Published on: September 18, 2017

548.7K

Area of Science:

  • Robotics
  • Control Systems Engineering
  • Mechatronics

Background:

  • Virtual torque sensors are crucial for advanced robotic applications like human-robot interaction and under-actuated systems.
  • Conventional virtual torque sensors rely on known robot dynamics, limiting their use with commercial low-cost radio-controlled (RC) servo motors that have unknown control structures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel virtual torque sensor specifically designed for commercial low-cost radio-controlled (RC) servo motors.
  • To enable torque-required control applications for researchers and hobbyists using accessible robotic components.

Main Methods:

  • A mathematical derivation of the virtual sensor based on internal dynamic models with parametric constraints.
  • Development of a dedicated system identification method tailored for the proposed virtual sensor.
  • Experimental validation comparing the virtual sensor's measurements against an actual torque sensor.

Main Results:

  • The proposed virtual torque sensor is mathematically derived and validated through a dedicated system identification method.
  • Experimental results demonstrate the feasibility and accuracy of the novel virtual torque sensor for RC servo motors.
  • The method overcomes the limitations of conventional virtual torque sensors that require known system dynamics.

Conclusions:

  • The developed virtual torque sensor provides a cost-effective solution for enabling torque control in robots utilizing RC servo motors.
  • This research facilitates the creation of more sophisticated and interactive robots by researchers and hobbyists.
  • The proposed system identification method is key to implementing the virtual sensor on hardware with unknown internal dynamics.