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Dielectrophoretic Microfluidic Device for in Vitro Fertilization.

Hong-Yuan Huang1,2, Yun-Li Lai3,4, Da-Jeng Yao5,6

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, 5, Fu-Hsing Street, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan. hongyuan@cgmh.org.tw.

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Summary

This study introduces a microfluidic platform for in vitro fertilization (IVF) that minimizes damage to sperm and oocytes using dielectrophoretic forces. The novel device enhances fertilization rates and embryo development while reducing costs and risks associated with traditional IVF and ICSI.

Keywords:
dielectrophoreticin vitro fertilizationinseminationmicrofluidics

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Reproductive Biology
  • Microfluidics

Background:

  • Traditional in vitro fertilization (IVF) can cause oocyte and sperm damage due to manipulation forces.
  • Current IVF methods may involve high medium volumes and associated costs.
  • Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) carries inherent risks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a microfluidic platform for IVF that mitigates damage to gametes.
  • To reduce medium volumes and cell culture costs.
  • To decrease risks associated with assisted reproductive technologies like ICSI.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized positive dielectrophoretic (p-DEP) force for sperm and oocyte manipulation.
  • Fabricated Indium Tin Oxide (ITO)-glass electrodes for oocyte trapping.
  • Employed a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) flow-focusing microfluidic device for zygote encapsulation in microdroplets.
  • Controlled microdroplet volume by adjusting oil and DEP buffer flow rates.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a ~5% increase in fertilization rate compared to traditional IVF with DEP treatment.
  • Observed over 20% of embryos developing to the blastocyst stage with a low sperm-oocyte ratio.
  • Demonstrated effective trapping of mouse oocytes using p-DEP force.

Conclusions:

  • The developed microfluidic platform effectively uses p-DEP forces to improve IVF outcomes.
  • This technology offers a less damaging and potentially more cost-effective alternative to conventional IVF and ICSI.
  • The platform shows promise for enhancing fertilization and early embryo development in assisted reproduction.