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Related Concept Videos

Finding Electric Potential From Electric Field01:13

Finding Electric Potential From Electric Field

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For a system of charges, it is easy to calculate the system's potential because potential is a scalar quantity. However, in some instances where calculating the electric field is more straightforward than finding the potential, the electric field is used to calculate the system's potential. For a positive charge, the electric field is radially outward, and the potential is positive at any finite distance from the positive charge. In such an electric field, the motion away from the...
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The electric field and electric potential are related to each other. If the electric field at various points in the region of interest is known, it can be used to calculate the electric potential difference between any two points. Similarly, if the electric potential is known for various points, then it is possible to calculate the electric field.
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When an electric field accelerates a free positive charge, it acquires kinetic energy. This process is analogous to an object being accelerated by a gravitational field as if the charge were going down an electrical hill where its electric potential energy is converted into kinetic energy, although, of course, the sources of the forces are very different. The electrostatic or Coulomb force acting on the positive test charge is conservative, which means that the work done on a test charge is...
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Electrical Systems01:21

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In electrical engineering, the analysis of networks composed of passive linear components — resistors (R), capacitors (C), and inductors (L) — is fundamental. These components are organized into circuits where the relationship between input and output can be analyzed using transfer functions. The transfer function of an RLC circuit, which relates the voltage across a capacitor to the input voltage, can be derived using Kirchhoff's laws.
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From lightning during thunderstorms to electronic devices, the phenomenon of electromagnetism is all around us. The electromagnetic force is one of the four fundamental forces of nature. It has been known to humanity in various forms for thousands of years. For example, the ancient Greek philosopher Thales of Miletus recorded his experiments on static electricity using amber and fur in the sixth century BC.
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Consider two point charges, each exerting Coulomb force on the other. It is possible to describe the Coulomb interaction via an intermediate step by defining a new physical quantity called the electric field.
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Stretchability-The Metric for Stretchable Electrical Interconnects.

Bart Plovie1, Frederick Bossuyt2,3, Jan Vanfleteren4,5

  • 1Department of Electronics and Information Systems, Ghent University, Technologiepark 15, 9052 Zwijnaarde, Belgium. bart.plovie@ugent.be.

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Stretchability metrics for electronic circuits are unreliable. This study proposes new methods considering volume, materials, and reliability for evaluating stretchable interconnect performance and DC resistance measurements.

Keywords:
design metricselectronic measurementsreliabilitystretchabilitystretchable circuits

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrical Engineering
  • Mechanical Engineering

Background:

  • Stretchable circuit technology enables electronic devices to deform with external forces.
  • Traditional stretchability metrics, based on percentage length increase, are design-dependent and unreliable for technology comparison.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate the shortcomings of conventional stretchability metrics.
  • To propose and analyze alternative methods for evaluating stretchable interconnect performance.

Main Methods:

  • Developing new evaluation metrics focusing on circuit volume, material usage, and reliability.
  • Analyzing direct current (DC) resistance measurements on stretchable interconnects.
  • Implementing a dead reckoning approach to estimate measurement errors.

Main Results:

  • The limitations of simple percentage-based stretchability metrics are confirmed.
  • Alternative metrics offer a more robust evaluation of stretchable interconnects.
  • Methods for estimating DC resistance measurement errors in stretchable circuits are presented.

Conclusions:

  • Rethinking performance evaluation is crucial for advancing stretchable electronics.
  • New metrics provide a more comprehensive and reliable assessment of stretchable interconnects.
  • Accurate DC resistance measurement error estimation is vital for reliable stretchable device characterization.