A Plasmonic Fiber Based Glucometer and Its Temperature Dependence

We present the plasmonic fiber based optical glucometer. A thin gold layer is coated on clad-free core of multimode optical fiber along 3 cm length to excite surface plasmons at 632.8 nm wavelength. Glucose oxidase is immobilized on the metal surface for glucose sensing. The effective surface refractive index increases by gluconic acid and hydrogen peroxide that are generated upon glucose injection, leading to plasmonic condition change with a consequence of optical power change at the fiber output. We obtain limit of detection of glucose concentration of 6.75 mg/dL, indicating higher sensitivity than the wavelength interrogating SPR glucometer that uses a spectrometer of 1nm spectral resolution. The coefficient of variation is 8.6% at a glucose concentration of 80 mg/dL at room temperature. We also examine the effects of ambient temperature variations from -10 °C to 40 °C on the performance of the presented sensor and compared them with those on commercially available glucometers that are based on enzyme electrodes. We find that the presented fiber sensor produced standard deviation of 12.1 mg/dL at a glucose concentration of 80 mg/dL under such varying temperature, which is, even without additional temperature correction function, comparable to the commercialized ones.