Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 2, 2026

Microfluidic Flow Chambers Using Reconstituted Blood to Model Hemostasis and Platelet Transfusion In Vitro
Published on: March 19, 2016
Prehospital Blood Product Transfusion in Mountain Rescue Operations
Jürgen Knapp1, Urs Pietsch2, Oliver Kreuzer3
1Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Therapy, University Hospital of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Air Zermatt, Emergency Medical Service, Zermatt, Switzerland.
Abstract:
Severely injured patients with hemorrhage present major challenges for emergency medical services, especially during mountain rescue missions in which harsh environmental conditions and long out-of-hospital times are frequent. Because uncontrolled hemorrhage is the leading cause of death within the first 48 hours after severe trauma, initiating damage control resuscitation (DCR) as early as possible after severe trauma and exporting the concept of DCR to the out-of-hospital arena is pivotal for patient survival. Appropriate bleeding control, management of coagulopathy, and transfusion of blood products are core aspects of DCR. This review summarizes the available evidence on out-of-hospital blood product transfusion and the management of coagulopathy with a special focus on mountain rescue missions. An overview of upcoming trials and possible future trends in the management of coagulopathy during rescue operations is provided.
Related Concept Videos
Blood Transfusion
Blood Transfusion Overview
A blood transfusion is a medical procedure used to replace blood lost due to injury, surgery, or to treat conditions such as anemia or cancer. During a transfusion, donor blood is...
Blood Transfusion and Agglutination
History
The history of blood transfusion dates back to the 17th century, when early attempts were made in animals. In 1818 James Blundell, a British doctor, performed the first successful human blood transfusion. Later in 1900, Karl...
Operational Amplifiers
Real Number Operations
Vector Operations
A vector multiplied by a scalar value is called scalar multiplication. The result obtained is a new vector with a different magnitude. If the scalar is positive, the direction of the vector remains the same, but if it is negative, the direction of the vector is reversed. For example, the product of the mass and velocity yields the momentum.
Operant Conditioning
Reinforcement in operant conditioning can be positive or negative, both of which serve to increase the likelihood of a behavior. Positive...

