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Tumor Progression02:07

Tumor Progression

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Tumor progression is a phenomenon where the pre-formed tumor acquires successive mutations to become clinically more aggressive and malignant. In the 1950s, Foulds first described the stepwise progression of cancer cells through successive stages.
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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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Early diagnosis and treatment can often cure cancer. However, even with treatment, residual cells called cancer stem cells (CSC) might remain, often causing tumor recurrence. These cancer stem cells possess the potential for self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation and are often responsible for the therapeutic resistance displayed in most cancers.
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Research progress on GP73 in malignant tumors.

Rong Liang1, Ziyu Liu1, Xuemin Piao1

  • 1Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, People's Republic of China, linyanmgx@163.com.

Oncotargets and Therapy
|November 15, 2018
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Summary

Early diagnosis of malignant cancer improves survival rates. GP73, a novel serum tumor marker, shows promise for early liver cancer detection and targeted anticancer therapy.

Keywords:
GP73diagnosismalignant tumorsprognosistumor marker

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Malignant cancer poses a significant global health threat, with late-stage diagnosis leading to poor treatment outcomes and low survival rates.
  • Early tumor detection is crucial for improving patient prognosis, as evidenced by an 80% 5-year survival rate for early-stage cancers.
  • Serum tumor markers are vital tools for the early diagnosis of malignant cancers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the diagnostic value of GP73 as a serum tumor marker for primary liver cancer.
  • To explore the potential of GP73 in targeted anticancer therapy.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent studies on GP73 expression and its diagnostic utility.
  • Analysis of GP73's role as a transmembrane protein in cancer biology.

Main Results:

  • GP73 demonstrates significant diagnostic value for primary liver cancer, potentially exceeding that of other cancer types.
  • Research into GP73 expression regulation indicates promising avenues for targeted anticancer therapies.

Conclusions:

  • GP73 represents a promising novel tumor marker for the early detection of liver cancer.
  • Further research into GP73 is warranted due to its potential in both early diagnosis and targeted cancer treatment.