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PPAR�� Gene and Atherosclerosis: Genetic Polymorphisms, Epigenetics and Therapeutic Implications

E Grbić1, A Peterlin2, T Kunej3

  • 1University of Tuzla, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Balkan Journal of Medical Genetics : BJMG
|November 15, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetes is linked to Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ). This review explores PPARγ

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Science
  • Endocrinology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Atherosclerosis is a primary cause of death, driven by plaque formation in arteries.
  • Diabetes mellitus significantly exacerbates atherosclerosis and its macrovascular complications.
  • Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) is crucial in regulating atherosclerotic processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
  • To examine the influence of PPARγ polymorphisms on atherosclerosis development.
  • To explore epigenetic mechanisms (DNA methylation, histone modification, RNA-based) in atherosclerosis.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on atherosclerosis, T2DM, PPARγ, and epigenetics.
  • Analysis of the role of PPARγ in gene expression and atherosclerotic pathways.
  • Discussion of epigenetic modifications including DNA methylation, histone acetylation, and RNA mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • T2DM accelerates atherosclerosis through complex pathophysiological pathways.
  • PPARγ plays a significant role in regulating genes involved in atherosclerosis.
  • Epigenetic factors like DNA methylation, histone acetylation, and RNA modifications influence atherosclerosis onset and progression in T2DM.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the interplay between T2DM, PPARγ, and epigenetics is vital for atherosclerosis management.
  • Epigenetic modifications represent potential therapeutic targets for preventing and treating diabetic atherosclerosis.
  • Targeting epigenetic mechanisms offers novel therapeutic strategies against atherosclerosis in diabetic patients.

Keywords:
AtherosclerosisPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) polymorphismscarotid atherosclerosiscoronary artery disease (CAD)epigenetics of PPARγpathophysiologytherapeutic possibilities

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