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Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
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Preventive healthcare services keep people healthy via frequent check-ups, screening, and counseling. They primarily aid in disease prevention rather than treating an acute or chronic illness. Preventive treatment also keeps individuals productive and energetic, allowing them to work well into their retirement years. Examples of preventive care services include:
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Functional groups are groups of atoms with specific chemical properties that occur within organic molecules and are sometimes denoted as “R”. Functional groups can “functionalize” a compound by enabling it to adopt different physical and chemical properties.
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Metal ions can be separated from one another by complexation with organic ligands–the chelating agent– to form uncharged chelates. Here, the chelating agent must contain hydrophobic groups and behave as a weak acid, losing a proton to bind with the metal. Since most organic ligands used in this process are insoluble or undergo oxidation in the aqueous phase, the chelating agent is initially added to the organic phase and extracted into the aqueous phase. The metal-ligand complex is...
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Advances in Stroke Prevention.

J David Spence1

  • 1Stroke Prevention & Atherosclerosis Research Centre, Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London, Canada.

Journal of Translational Internal Medicine
|November 15, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Recent advances in stroke prevention include dietary changes like the Mediterranean diet and B vitamins, improved blood pressure control, and optimized antiplatelet and anticoagulation therapies. Personalized approaches are key for high-risk patients and specific interventions.

Keywords:
anticoagulantantiplateletcarotid stenosishypertensionnutritionpatent foramen ovalestroke prevention

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Cardiology
  • Preventive Medicine

Background:

  • Stroke remains a leading cause of disability and death, necessitating continuous advancements in prevention strategies.
  • Current prevention focuses on modifiable risk factors, but novel approaches are emerging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent significant advances in stroke prevention across various domains.
  • To highlight evidence-based strategies for reducing stroke incidence and improving patient outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on nutrition, pharmacotherapy, and interventional procedures for stroke prevention.
  • Analysis of evidence supporting the Mediterranean diet, B vitamins, individualized blood pressure management, and novel anticoagulants.
  • Evaluation of diagnostic criteria and treatment selection for asymptomatic carotid stenosis and patent foramen ovale.

Main Results:

  • The Mediterranean diet and specific forms of B vitamins (methylcobalamin) show promise in stroke risk reduction.
  • Individualized blood pressure management and alternative antiplatelet/anticoagulant therapies improve efficacy and safety.
  • Advanced diagnostics like transcranial Doppler (TCD) aid in identifying high-risk patients for carotid stenosis intervention and patent foramen ovale closure.

Conclusions:

  • A multi-faceted approach combining nutrition, pharmacotherapy, and targeted interventions is crucial for effective stroke prevention.
  • Personalized medicine, considering genetic factors (CYP2D19) and patient-specific physiology, enhances treatment efficacy.
  • Future research into the gut microbiome and atherosclerosis may offer new avenues for preventing cerebrovascular events.