Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 2, 2026

Analyzing Gene Expression from Marine Microbial Communities using Environmental Transcriptomics
Published on: February 18, 2009
Marine Bacterial Aromatic Polyketides From Host-Dependent Heterologous Expression and Fungal Mode of Cyclization
Chunshuai Huang1,2, Chunfang Yang1, Yiguang Zhu1
1CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, RNAM Center for Marine Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.
Abstract:
The structure diversity of type II polyketide synthases-derived bacterial aromatic polyketides is often enhanced by enzyme controlled or spontaneous cyclizations. Here we report the discovery of bacterial aromatic polyketides generated from 5 different cyclization modes and pathway crosstalk between the host and the heterologous fluostatin biosynthetic gene cluster derived from a marine bacterium. The discovery of new compound SEK43F (2) represents an unusual carbon skeleton resulting from a pathway crosstalk, in which a pyrrole-like moiety derived from the host Streptomyces albus J1074 is fused to an aromatic polyketide SEK43 generated from the heterologous fluostatin type II PKSs. The occurrence of a new congener, fluoquinone (3), highlights a bacterial aromatic polyketide that is exceptionally derived from a characteristic fungal F-mode first-ring cyclization. This study expands our knowledge on the power of bacterial type II PKSs in diversifying aromatic polyketides.
Related Concept Videos
What is a Mode?
There can be more than one mode in a data set if multiple values have the same highest frequency. For instance, suppose that the Statistics exam scores of 20 students are: 50; 53; 59; 59; 63; 63; 72; 72; 72; 72; 72; 76; 78; 81; 83; 84; 84; 84; 90; 93. Here, the mode is 72, as it occurs most frequently, five times.
A data set with two modes is called bimodal. For example,...
Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution of Aryldiazonium Salts: Aromatic SN1
In the Sandmeyer reaction, for example, the diazonio group is replaced by a chloro, bromo,...
Ventilatory Modes
There are three ventilatory modes: full support, partial support, and spontaneous. These are described below.
Full Support Modes
Full support modes include controlled mechanical ventilation, continuous mandatory...
Fungal Group Zygomycota
Intramolecular Claisen Condensation of Dicarboxylic Esters: Dieckmann Cyclization
Modes of Standing Waves - I

