Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

The Nucleosome Core Particle02:10

The Nucleosome Core Particle

14.5K
Nucleosomes are the DNA-histone complex, where the DNA strand is wound around the histone core. The histone core is an octamer containing two copies of H2A, H2B, H3, and H4 histone proteins.
The paradox
Nucleosomes, paradoxically, perform two opposite functions simultaneously. On the one hand, their main responsibility is to protect the delicate DNA strands from physical damage and help achieve a higher compaction ratio. While on the other hand, they must allow polymerase enzymes to access DNA...
14.5K
Exon Recombination02:32

Exon Recombination

4.2K
The evolution of new genes is critical for speciation. Exon recombination, also known as exon shuffling or domain shuffling, is an important means of new gene formation. It is observed across vertebrates, invertebrates, and in some plants such as potatoes and sunflowers. During exon recombination, exons from the same or different genes recombine and produce new exon-intron combinations, which might evolve into new genes. 
Exon shuffling follows “splice frame rules.” Each exon...
4.2K
Organization of Genes02:07

Organization of Genes

73.5K
Overview
73.5K
Protein Complex Assembly02:41

Protein Complex Assembly

16.8K
Proteins can form homomeric complexes with another unit of the same protein or heteromeric complexes with different types.  Most protein complexes self-assemble spontaneously via ordered pathways, while some proteins need assembly factors that guide their proper assembly. Despite the crowded intracellular environment, proteins usually interact with their correct partners and form functional complexes.
Many viruses self-assemble into a fully functional unit using the infected host cell to...
16.8K
Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay02:27

Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay

11.8K
The Upf proteins that carry out nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) are found in all eukaryotic organisms, including humans. Each protein has an individual role, but they need to work in collaboration. Upf1 is an ATP-dependent RNA helicase that unwinds the RNA helix. Because Upf1 can unwind any RNA, Upf2 and Upf3 are required to help Upf1 discriminate between nonsense and normal mRNAs.
Usually, Upf3 binds to an Exon Junction Complex (EJC) at mRNA splice sites. If a ribosome fully translates the mRNA,...
11.8K
Gene Conversion02:08

Gene Conversion

10.6K
Other than maintaining genome stability via DNA repair, homologous recombination plays an important role in diversifying the genome. In fact, the recombination of sequences forms the molecular basis of genomic evolution. Random and non-random permutations of genomic sequences create a library of new amalgamated sequences. These newly formed genomes can determine the fitness and survival of cells. In bacteria, homologous and non-homologous types of recombination lead to the evolution of new...
10.6K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Evolution of calyx diversity in angiosperms: a focus on transcriptomic repatterning mechanisms underlying inflated fruiting calyx within Solanaceae.

The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology·2026
Same author

Genome-wide regulatory and interaction landscape underlying the functional divergence of rice AGAMOUS-like transcription factors.

Journal of experimental botany·2026
Same author

A 14-3-3 modulator of seed weight and quality for unlocking the yield potential of soybean.

Nature communications·2025
Same author

Heterometric expression of an LBD gene via LBD-TCP assembly regulates floral organ size and fruit weight in Physalis.

Horticulture research·2025
Same author

GmCDC7 is involved in coordinating seed size and quality in soybean.

TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik·2025
Same author

Phenotypic Plasticity and Stability in Plants: Genetic Mechanisms, Environmental Adaptation, Evolutionary Implications, and Future Directions.

Plant, cell & environment·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 2, 2026

Identification of Footprints of RNA:Protein Complexes via RNA Immunoprecipitation in Tandem Followed by Sequencing RIPiT-Seq
09:26

Identification of Footprints of RNA:Protein Complexes via RNA Immunoprecipitation in Tandem Followed by Sequencing RIPiT-Seq

Published on: July 10, 2019

11.2K

Exon junction complex (EJC) core genes play multiple developmental roles in Physalis floridana.

Pichang Gong1, Jing Li1,2, Chaoying He3,4

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China.

Plant Molecular Biology
|November 15, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Characterizing Physalis exon junction complex (EJC) core genes revealed conserved roles in plant male fertility and new functions in fruit development and defense. This study enhances understanding of EJC gene evolution and function in plants.

Keywords:
Defense-related processExon junction complex (EJC)Functional evolutionPhysalis floridanaPollen maturationPre-mRNA splicing

More Related Videos

The Power of Simplicity: Sea Urchin Embryos as in Vivo Developmental Models for Studying Complex Cell-to-cell Signaling Network Interactions
07:34

The Power of Simplicity: Sea Urchin Embryos as in Vivo Developmental Models for Studying Complex Cell-to-cell Signaling Network Interactions

Published on: February 16, 2017

8.4K
Focal Macropatch Recordings of Synaptic Currents from the Drosophila Larval Neuromuscular Junction
07:01

Focal Macropatch Recordings of Synaptic Currents from the Drosophila Larval Neuromuscular Junction

Published on: September 25, 2017

6.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 2, 2026

Identification of Footprints of RNA:Protein Complexes via RNA Immunoprecipitation in Tandem Followed by Sequencing RIPiT-Seq
09:26

Identification of Footprints of RNA:Protein Complexes via RNA Immunoprecipitation in Tandem Followed by Sequencing RIPiT-Seq

Published on: July 10, 2019

11.2K
The Power of Simplicity: Sea Urchin Embryos as in Vivo Developmental Models for Studying Complex Cell-to-cell Signaling Network Interactions
07:34

The Power of Simplicity: Sea Urchin Embryos as in Vivo Developmental Models for Studying Complex Cell-to-cell Signaling Network Interactions

Published on: February 16, 2017

8.4K
Focal Macropatch Recordings of Synaptic Currents from the Drosophila Larval Neuromuscular Junction
07:01

Focal Macropatch Recordings of Synaptic Currents from the Drosophila Larval Neuromuscular Junction

Published on: September 25, 2017

6.4K

Area of Science:

  • Plant Molecular Biology
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • The exon junction complex (EJC) is crucial for post-transcriptional gene regulation in eukaryotes.
  • Developmental roles of the EJC in plants remain largely unknown.
  • Understanding plant EJC function is vital for crop improvement and fundamental biology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To molecularly and functionally characterize four core EJC genes in Physalis floridana.
  • To investigate the roles of these EJC genes in plant development, reproduction, and defense.
  • To elucidate the evolutionary context of EJC core genes in plants.

Main Methods:

  • Phylogenetic analysis of four Physalis EJC core genes (PFMAGO, PFY14, PFeIF4AIII, PFBTZ).
  • Gene expression analysis across different Physalis organs.
  • Subcellular localization studies and protein-protein interaction assays.
  • Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) to assess gene function.
  • Analysis of downstream gene expression and transcriptomic alterations (intron retention).

Main Results:

  • PFMAGO, PFY14, PFeIF4AIII, and PFBTZ exhibited conserved phylogenetic topologies and broad expression patterns.
  • VIGS experiments revealed essential roles in pollen development (PFMAGO, PFY14, PFBTZ), carpel functionality (PFY14), plant survival (PFMAGO, PFY14, PFeIF4AIII), and Chinese lantern morphology (PFeIF4AIII).
  • EJC gene disruption led to downregulation of key pollen maturation genes and altered expression of defense-related WRKY genes, alongside intron retention in PFDYT1.

Conclusions:

  • Physalis EJC core genes are essential for male fertility, mirroring conserved eukaryotic functions.
  • Novel roles for EJC genes in Physalis include regulating Chinese lantern development, carpel function, and plant defense mechanisms.
  • This study significantly advances the understanding of EJC gene evolution and multifaceted roles in plant biology.